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Autocrine and Paracrine Regulation of the Ovary

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Reproductive Endocrinology

Ovarian follicular development and regression is a continuous and cyclic process that depends on a number of endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine signals. Although many of the factors involved in follicular growth have been characterized, it remains unknown why one or more, depending on species, preovulatory follicle(s) emerge as dominant and the others regress. It is postulated that the selected dominant follicle(s) possesses a higher sensitivity to FSH due to increased expression of FSH receptors. As a result, increases in estradiol and inhibin trigger a negative feedback mechanism that prevents the other follicles from continuing their development. The ovarian theca and granulosa cells also play an important role, since they produce steroid hormones required for normal follicular growth. In addition, ovarian growth factors, cytokines, and neuropeptides participate as regulators of follicular growth and in the formation of the ovarian cell compartments as well.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Marta Tesone, Dalhia Abramovich, Griselda Irusta & Fernanda Parborell

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  1. Marta Tesone
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  2. Dalhia Abramovich
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  3. Griselda Irusta
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  4. Fernanda Parborell
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marta Tesone .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

     

    AMH:

    anti-Müllerian hormone

    ANGPT1:

    angiopoietin 1

    ANGPT2:

    angiopoietin 2

    ANGPT3:

    angiopoietin 3

    ANGPT4:

    angiopoietin 4

    bFGF:

    basic fibroblastic growth factor

    BMP:

    bone morphogenetic protein

    EGF:

    epidermal growth factor

    FGF:

    fibroblastic growth factor

    FSH:

    follicle-stimulating hormone

    GABA:

    γ-aminobutyric acid

    GDF:

    growth and differentiation factors

    GDNF:

    neurotrophic factors derived from glial cells

    GnRH:

    gonadotroping releasing hormone

    GnRH-a:

    gonadotroping releasing hormone agonist

    hCG:

    human Chorionic Gonadotropin

    IGFBPs:

    insulin like growth factor binding protein

    IGF-I:

    insulin like growth factor-I

    IGF-II:

    insulin like growth factor-II

    LH:

    luteinizing hormone

    NGF:

    nerve growth factor

    NT-4/5:

    neurotrophin 4/5

    StAR:

    steroidogenic acute regulatory protein

    TGF-α:

    transforming growth factor alpha

    TGF:

    transforming growth factor

    Tie1:

    angiopoietin receptor type 1

    Tie2:

    angiopoietin receptor type 2

    Trap:

    VEGF antagonist

    VEGFA or VEGF:

    vascular endothelial growth factor

    VEGFR1 or Flt-1:

    vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 1

    VEGFR2 or Flk-1/KDR:

    vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2

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    Tesone, M., Abramovich, D., Irusta, G., Parborell, F. (2009). Autocrine and Paracrine Regulation of the Ovary. In: Chedrese, P. (eds) Reproductive Endocrinology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88186-7_21

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