Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
ACC (African Conservation Centre), 2001, Draft Natural Resources Management Plan for Koyiaki Wildlife Association and Olchoro—Oiroua Wildlife Trust, African Conservation Center, Nairobi, Kenya.
Bekure, S., de Leeuw, P.N., Grandin, B.E., Neate, P.J.H., 1991 , Maasai Herding. An Analysis of the Livestock Production System of Maasai Pastoralists in Eastern Kajiado District, Kenya International Livestock Centre for Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
Campbell, D.J., 1993, Land as Ours: Land as Mine: Economic, political and ecological marginali-sation in Kajiado District, in Being Maasai , Edited by Spear, T. and Waller, R., James Currey Press, London.
Coast, E. 2001 Demography of the Maasai Unpublished PhD Thesis , Department of Anthropology, University College London.
Daily Nation, 2000a, April 10, Death and funeral announcement, p. 23.
Daily Nation, 2000b, December 31, Maasai Mara group ranches conservation association, advertisement, p. 15.
Douglas-Hamilton, I. 1988, IDentification Study for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of the Natural Resources in the Kenyan Portion of the Mara-Serengeti Ecosystem, Report to European Development Fund of the European Economic Community I. Douglas Hamilton & Associates, Nairobi, Kenya.
Galaty, J.G., 1981 Land and livestock amongst Kenyan Maasai. Journal of Asian and African Studies 16(1–2) 68–88.
Galaty J.G. 1992 , This land is yours. Social and economic factors in the privatisation, sub-division and sale of Maasai ranches . Nomadic Peoples 30 26–40.
Galaty, J.G., 1999, Grounding pastoralists: Law, politics and dispossession in East Africa. Nomadic Peoples 3(2) 56–73.
Gereta, E., Wolanski, E., and Chiombola, E., 2003, Assessment of the Environmental, Social and Economic Impacts on the Serengeti Ecosystem of the Developments in the Mara River Catchment in Kenya . Tanzania National Parks and Frankfurt Zoological Societry.
Grandin, B., 1986, Land tenure, subdivision and resIDential change on a Maasai group Ranch. Development Anthropology Network . Bulletin of the Institute for Development Anthropology 4(2) 9–13.
Homewood, K., 1992, Development and the ecology of Maasai food and nutrition. Ecology of Food and Nutrition 29 61–80.
Homewood, K., Coast E., and Thompson M., 2004, In-migration and exclusion in East African rangelands: Access, tenure and conflict . Africa 74(4) 567–610.
Kivelia, J. 2005, Cultivation Trends in the Buffer Zones of East African Rangeland Protected Areas: The Case of Ngorongoro and Loliondo, Tanzania Unpublished PhD Thesis University of London.
Lamprey, R.H., and ReID R.S., 2004. Expansion of human settlement in Kenya's Maasai Mara: What future for pastoralism and wildlife? Journal of Biogeography 31(6) 997–1032.
Mortimore, M., 2005, Social resilience in African dryland livelihoods: deriving lessons for policy in Beyond territory and scarcity: Exploring conflicts over natural resource management. Edited by Gausset, Q., Whyte, M.A., and Birch-Thomsen, T., Stockholm: Elanders Gotab.
Mortimore, M., 2005, Dryland development: Success stories from West Africa. Environment (Washington DC) 47(1) 8–21.
Narok Land Registry , 2000, Land allocation records section — Register of plot owners.
Norton-Griffiths, M., 1995, Economic incentives to develop the rangelands of the Serengeti: Implications for wildlife conservation, in Serengeti II, Dynamics, Management and Conservation of an Ecosystem ( Chap. 27 ), Edited by Sinclair, A.R.E. and Arcese, P., University of Chicago, IL.
Norton-Griffiths, M., 1996, Property rights and the marginal wildebeest: An economic analysis of wildlife conservation options in Kenya . Biodiversity and Conservation 5 1557–1577.
Norton-Griffiths M., 1998, The economics of wildlife conservation policy in Kenya. In: Conservation of Biological Resources by Milner-Gulland E.J. and Mace, R. (eds) Blackwell Science Ltd.
Norton-Griffiths, M., 2007, How many wildebeest do you need. World Economics 8 (2) 41–64.
Norton-Griffiths, M., and SaID, M., in press , The future for wildlife on Kenya's rangelands: An economic perspective, in Can Rangelands be Wild Lands? , Edited by Deutsch, J., Du Toit, J., and R. Kock, Zoological Society of London Symposium, Wildlife Conservation Society.
Norton-Griffiths, M., SaID, M., Serneels, S., Kaelo, D., Coughenour, M., Lamprey, R.H., Thompson, D.M., and ReID, R., 2008 , Land use economics in the Mara area of the Serengeti ecosystem, in Serengeti III (Chap. 13), Edited by Sinclair, A., Packer, C., Mduma, S., and Fryxell, J., Chicago University Press, IL.
Olindo, P., and Talbot, L., 1990, Amboseli and Maasai Mara in Kenya, in Living with Wildlife: Wildlife Resource Management with Local Participation in Africa (World Bank Technical Paper No. 130), Edited by Kiss, A., Africa Technical Department Series, Washington, DC.
Ottichilo, W.K., de Leeuw, J., SkIDmore, A.K., Prins, H.H.T., and SaID, M., 2000a, Population trends in large non-migratory wild herbivores and livestock in the Maasai Mara ecosystem, Kenya, between 1977 and 1997, in Doctoral Thesis ( Chap. 4 ), Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands, ISBN. 90-5808-197-4.
Ottichilo, W.K., de Leeuw, J., and Prins, H.T., 2000b, Population trends of resIDent wildebeest and factors influencing them in the Maasai Mara Ecosystem, Kenya, in Doctoral Thesis (Chapter 6), Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands, ISBN. 90-5808-197-4.
Pennycuick L. 1975, Movements of the migratory wildebeest population in the Serengeti area between 1960 and 1973 . African Journal of Ecology 13 65–87.
Pratt., D.J, and Gwynne, M.D., (eds), 1977, Rangeland Management and Ecology in East Africa, Hodder and Stoughton London.
SaID, M.Y., Ottichilo, W.K., Sinange, R.K., and Aligula, H.M., 1997, Population and Distribution Trends of Wildlife and Livestock in the Mara Ecosystem and the Surrounding Areas: A Study on the Impacts of Land-Use on Wildlife and Environmental Indicators in the East African Savanna. Department of Resource Surveys and Remote Sensing, Kenya.
Sandford, S., 2006, Foreword, in Pastoral Livestock Marketing in Eastern Africa: Research and Policy Challenges, Edited by McPeak, J. and Little, P., ITDG publishing, Rugby, UK.
Seno, S.K., and Shaw, W.W., 2002, Land tenure policies, Maasai traditions, and wildlife conservation in Kenya . Society and Natural Resources 15, 79–88.
Serneels, S., and Lambin, E.F., 2001, Proximate Causes of Land-Use Change in Narok District, Kenya: A Spatial Statistical Model. Department of Geography, University of Louvain, Belgium.
Serneels, S. SaID, M.Y., Lambin, E.F., 2001, Land cover changes around a major east African wildlife reserve: the Mara Ecosystem (Kenya), International Journal of Remote Sensing, 22(17) 3397–3420.
Sinclair, A.R.E., 1995, Serengeti past and present, in Serengeti II, Dynamics, Management and Conservation of an Ecosystem, Edited by Sinclair, A.R.E. and Arcese, P., University of Chicago, IL.
Sindiga, I. 1984 Land and population problems in Kajiado and Narok, Kenya. African Studies Review 27 23–39.
Sitati, N., 1997, The Change of Land-Use Patterns in the Masai Mara and Its Impact on the Large Herbivore Populations , Project Report , World WIDe Fund for Nature, Nairobi, Kenya .
Southgate, C., and Hulme, D., 1996 ,Land, Water and Local Governance in a Kenyan Wetland in a Dryland: The Kimana Group Ranch and Its Environs, Rural Resources and Rural Livelihoods Working Paper 4, Institute for Development Policy and Management, Manchester University.
Stelfox, J.B., 1986, Effects of livestock enclosures (bomas) on the vegetation of the Athi Plains (Kenya). African Journal of Ecology 24 41–45.
Stelfox, J.G., Peden, D.G., Epp, H., Hudson, R.J., Mbugua, S.W., Agatsiva, J.L., Amuyunzu, C.L., 1986, Herbivore dynamics in southern Narok, Kenya. Journal of Wildlife Management 50(2) 339–347.
Thompson, D.M., 1998, The Role of Cultivation in Maasai Production Systems on Three Group Ranches Adjacent to the Maasai Mara National Reserve in Kenya, PhD Upgrade Proposal, Department of Anthropology, University College London.
Thompson, D.M., 2002, Livestock, Cultivation, and Tourism, Livelihood Choices and Conservation in Maasai Mara Buffer Zones, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Anthropology, University College London.
Thompson, D.M., and Homewood, K.M., 2002, Entrepreneurs, Elites and Exclusion in Maasailand, Human Ecology Vol. 30, No.1.
Thompson, D.M., Serneels, S., and Lambin, E.L., 2002, Land use strategies in the Mara ecosystem: A spatial analysis linking socio-economic data with landscape variables, in Remote Sensing and GIS Applications for Linking People, Place and Policy, Edited by Walsh, S. and Crews-Meyer, K., Kluwer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands.
Walpole. M.J., and Leader-Williams, N., 2001, Masai Mara tourism reveals partnership benefits. Nature 413 771.
Western, D., Russell, S., and Mutu, K., 2006 , The Status of Wildlife in Kenya's Protected and Non-Protected Areas, Paper commissioned by Kenya's Wildlife Policy Review Team, presented at The First Stakeholders Symposium of the Wildlife Policy and Legislation Review, 27–28 September 2006, African Conservation Centre, Nairobi, Kenya. Available online.
Wolanski, E., and Gereta, E., 2001, Water quantity and water quality as the factors driving the Serengeti ecosystem. Hydrobiologia 458 169–180.
World Resources Institute, DRSS, MENR, CBS, MPND, ILRI, 2007 , Nature's Benefits in Kenya: An Atlas of Ecosystems and Human Wellbeing (Chap. 6 – Tourism), World Resources Institute, Washington, DC.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the Government of Kenya for giving us permission to undertake this research, and to the communities who hosted us for their participation in the work. Michael Thompson developed the surveys, trained interviewers and collected the great majority of quantitative data. Suzy Serneels planned and carried out the first rounds of cluster analysis and regression. Michael and Suzy wrote the first draft and moderated subsequent drafts. Pippa Trench carried out re-analysis for both cluster and regression analyses, and rewrote successive drafts. Dickson Ole Kaelo contributed preliminary field work, family portraits, some survey data, and provIDed a large amount of the historical context to the conservation divIDends section. The 1998– 2000 surveys were funded by DFID contracts R6828, R7638 and EU Contract ERBIC18*CT 960070. Numerous colleagues have helped with the development of these IDeas. We thank them all.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science + Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Thompson, D.M., Serneels, S., Kaelo, D.O., Trench, P.C. (2009). Maasai Mara – Land Privatization and Wildlife Decline: Can Conservation Pay Its Way?. In: Homewood, K., Kristjanson, P., Trench, P.C. (eds) Staying Maasai?. Studies in Human Ecology and Adaptation, vol 5. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87492-0_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87492-0_3
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-87491-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-87492-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)