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Long-term Research on Wolves in the Superior National Forest

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Recovery of Gray Wolves in the Great Lakes Region of the United States

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the US Department of the Interior during its entirety through the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Biological Survey, and the US Geological Survey and Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Midcontinent Wildlife Research Center, and Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, as well as by the US Forest Service through North Central Forest Experiment Station (now North Central Research Station) and the SNF. Private funding sources included the New York Zoological Society, the World Wildlife Fund, the Mardag Foundation, the Special Projects Foundation of the Big Game Club, Wallace Dayton, and Valerie Gates. I especially thank M. E. Nelson, J. Renneberg, and T. Wallace as well as numerous volunteers and graduate students who assisted with the fieldwork. S. Barber-Meyer and D. J. Demma critiqued an early draft of the manuscript and offered helpful suggestions for improvement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. US Geological Survey, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA

    L. David Mech

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  1. L. David Mech
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Correspondence to L. David Mech .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 54452, Park Falls, WI, USA

    Adrian P. Wydeven

  2. Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 53706, Madison, WI, USA

    Timothy R. Van Deelen

  3. Illinois Natural History Survey, 61821, Champaign, IL, USA

    Edward J. Heske

Appendix

Appendix

Numbers of wolves in each pack in the east-central Superior National Forest study area. See Mech (1986) for 1966–1967 to 1984–1985. Underlines indicate pack was radioed; zeros, that the pack did not exist or was outside the census area; parentheses, that estimate was subjective; hyphens, that information unknown. Nonunderlined numbers not in parentheses are based on observation of nonradioed pack or its tracks. Entries with two numbers (e.g., 3 + 1) indicate different proportions of a pack in and outside the census area.

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Mech, L.D. (2009). Long-term Research on Wolves in the Superior National Forest. In: Wydeven, A.P., Van Deelen, T.R., Heske, E.J. (eds) Recovery of Gray Wolves in the Great Lakes Region of the United States. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85952-1_2

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