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A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Behavioral Interventions for African American Youth at Risk for HIV/STI Infection, 1988–2007

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African Americans and HIV/AIDS

Abstract

In the United States, African American youth are disproportionally affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). An estimated 1.2 million people are living with HIV/AIDS (Glynn & Rhodes, 2005). Data from 33 states in the United States with confidential name-based reporting show that in 2006 African Americans of all ages represented 49% of HIV/AIDS diagnosis, although African Americans accounted for only 13% of the U.S. population (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2008b). During this same period, although adolescents aged 13–19 represented 16% of the U.S. population, African American youth accounted for 69% of reported AIDS cases. The primary mode of transmission of HIV/AIDS among African American adolescents aged 13–19 is male-to-male sexual contact for males (60%) and high-risk heterosexual contact for females (59%; CDC, 2008c). Also, in 2006, a larger ­proportion of STIs (e.g., gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and syphilis) were transmitted among African Americans than among other racial/ethnic groups (CDC, 2008b).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The scope of this chapter is broader than CDC’s Compendium Update (CDC, 2008a). In this book chapter, we also evaluated interventions for youth in schools as well as interventions delivered in school settings. As a result, we identified two evidence-based interventions, Making Proud Choices and Project AIM that are not part of the Updated Compendium as of September 2008.

  2. 2.

    Focus on Kids (FOK) and Focus on Kids plus Informed Parents and Children Together (FOK+ ImPACT) were used by the authors in the original publications. The names on the intervention packages available on the Diffusion of Effective Behavioral Interventions (DEBI, n.d.) website were changed to Focus on Youth (FOY) and Focus on Youth plus Informed Parents and Children Together (FOY + ImPACT).

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  1. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA

    Khiya Marshall

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  2. Nicole Crepaz
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  3. Ann O’Leary
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  1. Centers for Disease Control and Preventi, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, Clifton Rd, NE MS E-37 1600, Atlanta, 30333, Georgia, USA

    Donna Hubbard McCree PhD, MPH, RPh

  2. Centers for Disease Control and Preventi, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, Clifton Rd, NE MS E-37 1600, Atlanta, 30333, Georgia, USA

    Kenneth Terrill Jones MSW

  3. Centers for Disease Control and Preventi, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, Clifton Rd, NE MS E-37 1600, Atlanta, 30333, Georgia, USA

    Ann O'Leary

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Marshall, K., Crepaz, N., O’Leary, A. (2010). A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Behavioral Interventions for African American Youth at Risk for HIV/STI Infection, 1988–2007. In: McCree, D.H., Jones, K.T., O'Leary, A. (eds) African Americans and HIV/AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78321-5_9

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