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Transcriptional Mechanisms Underlying the Mammalian Circadian Clock

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Transcriptional Regulation by Neuronal Activity

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Abstract

The mammalian ‘master’ pacemaker is seated in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), a bilateral hypothalamic structure above the optic chiasm that is a heterogeneous conglomerate of ~ 20,000 neurons. Within the nuclei of SCN cells lies the molecular basis of circadian timekeeping: clock proteins that form interlocking transcriptional feedback loops, and that drive and sustain the rhythmic expression of their cognate genes as well as other clock-controlled genes (ccg). In addition to the SCN, this intracellular molecular clock is a common element in the many oscillating tissues of the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery that form the clock hierarchy. In this review we discuss the nature of themolecular clock,the neurotransmitter systems that actuate clock entrainment, and the intracellular signaling events leading to activation of transcriptional programs.

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Authors
  1. Hai-Ying Mary Cheng
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  2. Karl Obrietan
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  1. Laboratory of Neurobiology, Synaptic & Developmental Plasticity Group NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA

    Serena M. Dudek

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Mary Cheng, HY., Obrietan, K. (2008). Transcriptional Mechanisms Underlying the Mammalian Circadian Clock. In: Dudek, S.M. (eds) Transcriptional Regulation by Neuronal Activity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73609-9_16

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