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Synaptic Growth and Transcriptional Regulation in Drosophila

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Transcriptional Regulation by Neuronal Activity

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Abstract

The elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms that allow learning and memory storage in the nervous system is one of the most exciting challenges in current neuroscience research. While memory storage in vertebrates can persist for a short time in the presence of mRNA transcription or protein translation blockers, these memories last for only a few hours and do not undergo consolidation into longer-term information storage. Physiological studies in the hippocampus have demonstrated that the late phases of long-term potentiation (LTP) depend on transcription and translation (kelleher, Govindarajan, Jung, Kang and Tonegawa, 2004; Kelleher, Govindarajan and Tonegawa, 2004). Transcription-dependent brain plasticity is also evident in invertebrates, as overexpression of a dominant-negative CREB (cAMP-responsive element binding protein) transgene is sufficient to block long-term memory storage in Drosophila (Yin, Wallach, Del Vecchio, Wilder, Zhou, Quinn and Tully 1994). Through a combination of genetic approaches using the Drosophila neuromuscular junction to study synaptic growth regulation, and genome-wide microarray studies in Drosophila mutants with altered neuronal activity, it has become clear that a critical target for transcriptional recoding during neuronal plasticity involves changes in synaptic wiring. Here we review both the mechanisms of activity-dependent transcriptional regulation in Drosophila, as well as how this regulation interfaces with the control of synaptic growth and function.

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Authors
  1. Cynthia Barber
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  2. J. Troy Littleton
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Neurobiology, Synaptic & Developmental Plasticity Group NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA

    Serena M. Dudek

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Barber, C., Littleton, J.T. (2008). Synaptic Growth and Transcriptional Regulation in Drosophila . In: Dudek, S.M. (eds) Transcriptional Regulation by Neuronal Activity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73609-9_13

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