Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
3D-Trade: Forum Asia. (2004). TRIPS andHealth (chapter). In: Practical Guide to theWTO. Geneva (December 2004).http://www.3dthree.org/pdf_3D/Guide-075Ch4.pdf
Associate Press(AP). (2007). HIV spreading rapidly in Malaysia. (February 11, 2007).Associate Press.
Beyrer, C.,Vancott, T. C., Peng, N. K., Artensteing, A., Duriasamy, G.,Nagaratnam, M., Saw, T. L., Hegerich, P. A., Loomis-Price, L.D.,Hallberg, P. L., Ettore, C. A., Nelson, K. E. (1998). HIV type 1subtypes in Malaysia, determined with serologic assays:1992–1996. AIDS Res HumRetroviruses, 14,1687–1691.
Beyrer, C., Razak, M. H., Lisam, K., Chen, J., Lui,W., Yu, X. F. (2000). Overland heroin trafficking routes and HIV-1spread in south and south-east Asia. AIDS, 14,75–83.
Brown, T.M., Robbins, K. E., Sinniah, M., Saraswathy, T. S., Lee, V., Hooi, L.S., Vijayamalar, B., Luo, C. C., Ou, C. Y., Rapier, J., Schochetman,G., Kalish, M. L. (1996). HIV type 1 subtypes in Malaysia include B,C, and E. AIDS Res HumRetroviruses, 12,1655–1657.
Chantavanich, S. (2000). Mobility and HIV/AIDS in the Greater MekongSubregion. Asian Development Bank (ADB); United NationsDevelopment Program (UNDP).
Chawarski, M. C., Mazlan, M., Schottenfeld, R. S.(2006). Heroin dependence and HIV infection in Malaysia. Drug Alcohol Depend, 82(S1),S39–S42.
Chee, Y. L. (2006). Malaysia: ‘Governmentuse’ route to improving generic medicines. In: Third World Resurgence. www.twnside.org.sg/title2/resurgence/196/cover8.doc
Department ofStatistics Malaysia. (2007). KeyStatistics. (March 13 2007).http://www.statistics.gov.my/
Fauziah, M. N., Anita, S., Sha’ari, B. N.,Rosli, B. I. (2003). HIV-associated risk behaviour among drug usersat drug rehabilitation centres. Med JMalaysia, 58,268–272.
Goh, K. L., Chua, C. T., Chiew, I. S., Soo-Hoo, T.S. (1987). The acquired immune deficiency syndrome: a report of thefirst case in Malaysia. Med JMalaysia, 42,58.
Govindasamy, S. (2007). Baseline BehaviouralSurveillance Survey (BSS) of participants at pilot NSEP sites.Unpublished data.
Haliza, M. R., Mohd Sukur, S. (2002). Knowledge andperception of HIV/AIDS among the public and teacher trainees. In:Haliza, M. R., Pataki-Schweizer, K. J. (Eds) HIV/AIDS The Realities, The Challenges.130–136, Ministry of Health Malaysia, KualaLumpur.
Ismail, R. (1998). HIV/AIDS in Malaysia. AIDS, 12(SupplB), S33–S41.
Jusoh, A. (2002). Countryprofile: Current status of HIV/AIDS until 2002. Unpublishedreport.
Lee, L. K., Chen, P. C. Y., Lee, K. K., Kaur, J.(2006). Premarital sexual intercourse among adolescents in Malaysia:a cross-sectional Malaysian school survey. Singapore Med J, 47, 476–481.
Malaysian AIDSCouncil (MAC). (undated). AIDS inMalaysia. Resource Centre: Malaysian AIDSCouncil.
Malay Mail. (2004). Placeemphasis on after-care, government urged. (17 June 2004)Malay Mail.
Mazlan, M.,Schottenfeld, R. S., Chawarski, M. C. (2006). New challenges andopportunities in managing substance abuse in Malaysia. Drug Alcohol Rev, 25, 473.
Ministry of Health (MOH).(1997). Report of the Second National Healthand Morbidity Survey 1996. Ministry of Health Malaysia,Kuala Lumpur.
Ministry of Health (MOH), WHO/WPRO. (2000).Prevalence survey of sexually transmittedinfections among sex workers and women attending antenatalclinics. Kuala Lumpur.
Ministry of Health (MOH).(2001). Annual Report 2001.AIDS/STD Section, Ministry of Health Malaysia, KualaLumpur.
Ministry of Health (MOH). (2003). Guideline for anonymous and voluntary HIVscreening. AIDS/STD Section, Department of Public Health,Malaysia.
Ministry of Health (MOH). (2004a). AIDS/STD Divisionof Disease Control. Consensus report on HIV and AIDS Epidemiology in2004 – Malaysia (draft).Kuala Lumpur.
Ministry of Health (MOH). (2004b). The HIV/AIDSprevention programme in Malaysia 2004. Ministry of Health, KualaLumpur.http://www.webjka.gov.my/aids/
Ministry of Health(MOH). (2004c). Annual Report2004. AIDS/STD Section, Ministry of Health Malaysia, KualaLumpur.
Ministry of Health (MOH). (2005). Health Facts 2005.http://www.moh.gov.my/
Ministry of Health(MOH). (2007). AIDS in Malaysia.(Resource Centre, Malaysian AIDS Council).
Narimah, A.,Ang, E. S., Low S. W. Y., Huang, M. S. L., Mymoon, A., Nik Rubiah, N.A. R. (2003). Review of adolescent sexual andreproductive health in Malaysia. Ministry of HealthMalaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
National Drug Information System (NADI):National Anti-Drug Agency. (2007). Drug usestatistics. Putrajaya (February 9, 2007);http://www.adk.gov.my/buletin.html
National NarcoticsAgency. (2001). Malaysian CountryReport. Ministry of Home Affairs.March, Malaysia.
National Narcotics Agency. (2003). Agensi Dadah Kebangsaan dan Dasar DadahNegara. (July 09, 2003).http://www.adk.gov.my/dasar.html
National Populationand Family Development Board (NPFDB). (1995). Report on the National Study on Reproductive Health andSexuality of Adolescents. NationalPopulation and Family Development Board 1994/1995,Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development, KualaLumpur.
National Task Force on Harm Reduction (NTFHR).(2007). Needle and syringe programme pilot project – Finalprogress report, Quarter 4 (draft - unpublished). Ministry of HealthMalaysia.
New Straits Times (NST). (2006). Spotlight: Hope toAIDS sufferers. (December 4, 2006). NewStraits Times.
Oh, C. (2004). TRIPS agreement and publichealth. In: Training course on the public health implications ofmultilateral trade agreements, University of Lausanne. (Slideshow,World Health Organization, June 2004).http://www.who.int/trade/en/COh2.pdf
Open SocietyInstitute (OSI) (2006). Fact sheet: Antiretroviral treatment forinjecting drug users.http://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publications/ publications/arv_20060811
Reid, G., Kamarulzaman, A., Sran, S. K.(2004). Rapid Situation Assessment ofMalaysia. Kuala Lumpur.
Salmah, K. (2000). Building a community developing effective HIV/AIDSprogrammes for transsexuals working as sex workers: The Malaysianexample. The International Gay and Lesbian Association.www.ilga.info
Saraswathy, T. S., Ng, K. P., Sinniah, M. (2000).Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes among Malaysianintravenous drug users. Southeast Asian JTrop Med Public Health, 31, 283–286.
Scott, T., De Bravo, F., Zulkifli, S. N. (1993).Malaysian Health and Lifestyle Survey 1992.Part I: Survey Report. Report of a nationwide survey on Knowledge,Attitudes and Practices related to AIDS in PeninsulaMalaysia. Consultants’ report to the Ministry ofHealth.
Scoville, C. E. G. (2004). An assessment of HIV prevention work for the MSMpopulation in Kuala Lumpur. KualaLumpur.
Singh, S.,Crofts, N. (1992). HIV infection among injecting drug users innorth-east Malaysia, 1992. AIDSCare, 5,273–281.
Tee, K. K., Saw, T. L., Pon, C. K., Kamarulzaman,A., Ng, K. P. (2005). The evolving molecular epidemiology of HIV Type1 among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Malaysia. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 21, 1046–1050.
Tee, K. K.,Li, X. J., Nohtomi, K., Ng, K. P., Kamarulzaman, A., Takebe, Y.(2006). Identification of a novel circulating recombinant form(CRF33_01B) disseminating widely among various riskpopulations in Kuala Lumpur. J Acquir ImmuneDefic Syndr, 15,523–529.
Teh, Y. K. (2002). The MakNyahs: Male to female transsexuals in Malaysia. Singapore,Eastern Universities Press.
The Star. (2007). Shocking find in UKMstudy on female delinquents. 27 February, 2007.
TREAT Asia Report.(2003). TREAT Asia site profile: University of Malaya Medical Centre,Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (June 2003).http://www.amfar.org/cgi-bin/iowa/asia/news/index.html?record=11
UNAIDS. (2005).United Nations General Assembly: Special Session on HIV/AIDS.Monitoring the declaration of commitment on HIV/AIDS: Country reportMalaysia. (December, 2005).
UNAIDS. (2006). Epidemiological factsheets on HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections: Malaysia.(December 2006).
UNAIDS. (2007). Muslims responding to AIDS –Mapping Muslim organizational and religious responses. (January2007).
UNDP. (2005). MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria andother diseases. In: Malaysia – Achieving the MillenniumDevelopment Goals. Successes and challenges. Kuala Lumpur: UnitedNations Development Programme, pp. 53–180.
UNICEF. (2006).HIV/AIDS – Adolescents, women and children, dataissues.
UNICEF. (2007a). AIDS inMalaysia. http://www.unicef.org/malaysia/hiv_aids.html
UNICEF. (2007b).Malaysia: Policy and technicalsupport. (February 27, 2007).http://www.unicef.org/malaysia/hiv_aids_5012.html
United Nations.(2002). Country programme outlines forMalaysia 2003–2007. (April 24, 2002).http://www.undp.org
United NationsOffice on Drugs and Crime (UNDOC). (2003). Global Illicit Drug Trends. New York: UnitedNations.
U.S. State Department. (2004). Narcotics Control Strategy Report – South EastAsia: Malaysia. Bureau for International Narcotics and LawEnforcement Affairs, U.S. Department of State,Washington, D.C.
Wai, B. H.,Singh, S., Varma, S. L. (1996). HIV infection in females dependent ondrugs. Addiction, 91, 435–438.
Zulkifli, S.N., Low, W. Y. (2000). Sexual practices in Malaysia: determinants ofsexual intercourse among unmarried youths. JAdolesc Health, 27,276–280.
Zulkifli, S. N., Lee, M. H. S., Low, W. Y., Wong, Y.L. (2006). Study on the impact of HIV onpeople living with HIV, their families and community in Malaysia:Project report. United Nations Country Team on HIV/AIDSMalaysia.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media,LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kamarulzaman, A., Razali, K. (2008). Malaysia. In: Celentano, D.D., Beyrer, C. (eds) Public Health Aspects of HIV/AIDS in Low and Middle Income Countries. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72711-0_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72711-0_21
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-72710-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-72711-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)