The actin cytoskeleton generates force and movement responsible for many critical and fundamental cellular processes (see Chap. 1). Force generation and motility are produced by two distinct mechanisms (1) the self-assembly of actin monomers into filaments, which can exert forces against boundaries and particles such as cell membranes, vesicles, organelles, or pathogenic bacteria, and generate movement of these boundaries and (2) through the activity of contractile motor proteins of the myosin family, which generate force and motility along actin filaments. Both mechanisms utilize chemical energy in the form of ATP although hydrolysis of ATP by actin does not contribute to the force generated by actomyosin. Each monomer incorporated into a filament and each myosin mechanical “step” consumes one ATP molecule, generating ADP and Pi as the hydrolysis products.
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Krendel, M., De La Cruz, E.M. (2008). Overview: Actin-Binding Protein Function and Its Relation to Disease Pathology. In: dos Remedios, C.G., Chhabra, D. (eds) Actin-Binding Proteins and Disease. Protein Reviews, vol 8. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71749-4_5
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