Skip to main content

Etiology, Distribution, and Classification of Craniomaxillofacial Deformities: Traumatic Defects

  • Chapter
Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive and Corrective Bone Surgery

Abstract

Perhaps no defect is as emotionally devastating as a deformity of the face caused by trauma.1 An individual who even minutes before led a normal life may have the focal point of their self-image permanently disfigured. This can leave enormous psychological as well as physical scars, even beyond those associated with congenital deformities whose victims have never known a different life. Yet posttraumatic defects have rarely been the focus of epidemiologic or demographic investigations. Their description has been relegated to individual case reports, anecdotal experiences, or review articles that discuss avulsion defects in general terms. Thus a description of the etiology, distribution, and classification of the traumatic deformity becomes a difficult endeavor based only upon intuitive reasoning and individual institutional experiences.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Nordlicht S. Facial disfigurements and psychiatric sequelae. NYS J Med. 1979;79(9):1382–1384.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Ivy RH, Curtis L. Fractures of the mandible: an analysis of 100 cases. Dent Cosmos 1926;68:439–446.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Graham TW, Williams PC, Harrington T, et al. Civilian gunshot wounds to the head: A prospective study. Neurosurgery 1990;27:696–700.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Suddaby L, Weir B, Forsyth C. The management of 22 calibre gunshot wounds of the brain: a review of 49 cases. Can J Neu-rolSci. 1987;14:268–272.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Powers MP, Bertz J, Fonseca RJ. Management of soft tissue injuries. In: Fonseca RJ, Walker RV, eds. Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1991: ch 23.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Osborn D. Reconstructive surgery for maxillofacial injuries. In: Fonseca RJ, Davis WH, eds. Reconstructive Preprosthetic Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1986: ch 10.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Haug RH, Prather J, Indresano AT. An epidemiologic survey of facial fractures and concomitant injury. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1990;48:926–932.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Vetter JD, Topazian RG, Goldberg MH, et al. Facial fractures occurring in a medium sized metropolitan area: recent trends. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1991;20:214–216.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Haug RH. Management of low-caliber, low-velocity gunshot wounds of the maxillofacial region. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1989;47:1192–1196.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Haug RH. Gunshot wounds to the head and neck. Topic 10. In: Kelly JP, ed. OMS Knowledge Update, Part II. Chicago: AAOMS Publishing; 1995:TRA 65–82.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Wang ZG, Fang SX, Liu YQ. Pathomorphological observations of gunshot wounds. Acta Clin Scand Suppl. 1986;508:185–195.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Wang Z, Tang C, Chen X, et al. Early pathomorphologic characteristics of the wound tract caused by fragments. J Trauma. 1988;28:S89–S95.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Suneson A, Hansson HA, Seeman T. Central and peripheral nervous damage following high energy missile wounds in the thigh. J Trauma. 1988;28:S197–S203.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Ordog GJ, Wasserberg J, Balasubramanian S. Shotgun wound ballistics. J Trauma. 1988;28:624–631.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Walker MC, Poindexter JM. Principles of management of shotgun wounds. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1990;170:97–105.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Glezer JA, Minard G, Croce MA, et al. Shotgun wound of the abdomen. Am Surgeon. 1993;59:129–131.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Fackler ML, Bellamy RF, Malinowski JA. A reconsideration of the wounding mechanism of very high velocity projectiles-importance of projectile shape. J Trauma. 1988;28:S63–S67.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ellis S. Maxillofacial surgery and the trouble in Northern Ireland. Br Dent J. 1990;168:411–412.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Phillips YY. Primary blast injuries. Ann Emerg Med. 1986; 15:1446–1450.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Cameron D, Bishop C, Sibert JR. Farm accidents in children. BrMedJ. 1992;305:23–25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Morgan JP, Haug RH, Murphy MT. Management of facial dog bite injuries. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1995;53:435–441.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Fukuta K, Jackson IT, Topf JS. Facial lawn mower injury treated by a vascular costochondral graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1992;40:194–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Marks RB, Fort F. Chain saw injury of the maxillofacial region. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1986;44:240–243.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Fackler ML. Wound ballistics: a review of common misconceptions. JAMA 1988;259:2730–2736.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Haug, R.H., Morgan, J.P. (2002). Etiology, Distribution, and Classification of Craniomaxillofacial Deformities: Traumatic Defects. In: Greenberg, A.M., Prein, J. (eds) Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive and Corrective Bone Surgery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22427-5_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22427-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-94686-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-22427-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics