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Passive Immunization with Allergen-Specific Antibodies

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Vaccines against Allergies

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 352))

Abstract

The induction of allergen-specific IgG antibodies has been identified as a major mechanism responsible for the reduction of allergic inflammation in allergic patients treated by allergen-specific immunotherapy. Several studies suggest that allergen-specific IgG antibodies induced by vaccination with allergens block mast cell and basophil degranulation, IgE-facilitated allergen presentation to T cells and IgE production. The availability of recombinant allergens and technologies for the production of recombinant human antibodies allows engineering of allergen-specific antibodies which can be used for passive immunization (i.e., therapy) and eventually for the prevention of allergy (i.e., prophylaxis). This chapter summarizes data supporting the possible use of allergen-specific antibodies for treatment and prophylaxis. Finally, concrete approaches for the treatment and prevention of allergy based on blocking antibodies are envisioned.

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Abbreviations

SIT:

Specific immunotherapy

APC:

Antigen presenting cell

FcεRI:

High-affinity IgE receptor

scFv:

Single-chain antibody fragment

Fab:

Antibody fragment

FcγR:

IgG Fc receptor

FcRn:

Neonatal Fc receptor

BAL:

Broncho alveolar lavage

AHR:

Airway hyper-responsiveness

OVA:

Ovalbumin

i.v.:

Intravenous

i.p.:

Intraperitoneal

s.c.:

Subcutaneous

SPR:

Surface plasmon resonance

ADCC:

Antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

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Correspondence to Sabine Flicker .

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Flicker, S., Gadermaier, E., Madritsch, C., Valenta, R. (2011). Passive Immunization with Allergen-Specific Antibodies. In: Valenta, R., Coffman, R. (eds) Vaccines against Allergies. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 352. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2011_143

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