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Synthesis of Structural and Storage Lipids by the ER

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The Plant Endoplasmic Reticulum

Part of the book series: Plant Cell Monographs ((CELLMONO,volume 4))

Abstract

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in plants plays a key role in the synthesis of a wide rangeof lipids which are essential structural components of all cellular membranes. Lipids also represent themajor form of storage carbon in the seeds, pollen and fruit of many plant species and in some cases over75% of the dry mass of these tissues has been metabolised by the ER. The world vegetable-oils market isworth over $30 billion per year and is of great importance to the agricultural economy. There is thereforeparticular interest in aspects of ER function relating to triacylglycerol synthesis. In the epidermis,lipids made by the ER are exported to form the cuticular barrier protecting the plant against water loss,biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, ER-derived glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols have essentialroles as components of signal transduction pathways. This chapter describes the biochemical pathways ofmembrane and storage lipid synthesis in the plant ER and charts progress in the identification and characterisationof the genes involved.

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Acknowledgments

The John Innes Centre receives grant-aided support from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), UK. TJR gratefully acknowledges the support of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France.

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  1. John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH, Norwich, UK

    Matthew J. Hills

  2. Laboratoire Genome et Développement des Plantes, CNRS UMR5096, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue de Villeneuve, 66860, Perpignan, France

    Thomas J. Roscoe

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David G. Robinson

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Hills, M.J., Roscoe, T.J. (2006). Synthesis of Structural and Storage Lipids by the ER. In: Robinson, D.G. (eds) The Plant Endoplasmic Reticulum. Plant Cell Monographs, vol 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/7089_056

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