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Neutrophils: The Role of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Health and Disease

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Pulmonary Infection

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((NR,volume 857))

Abstract

Neutrophils constitute the first line of the innate immunity in humans. They employ several strategies to trap and kill microorganisms, such as phagocytosis, degranulation, and the formation of extracellular traps (NETs). It has been well documented, that generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) is crucial in the life cycle of a polymorphonuclear phagocyte. These compounds due to high reactivity act as powerful antimicrobial factors in the process of pathogens clearance and can also modulate immunological response. On the other hand, excessive amount of free radicals may have detrimental effect on host tissues and markers of oxidative and nitrosative stress are detectable in many diseases. It is necessary to maintain the balance between ROS/RNS formation and removal. The review highlights our current understanding of the role of ROS and RNS produced by neutrophils in health and disease.

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Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest in relation to this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Warsaw Medical University, 24 Marszałkowska St., 00-576, Warsaw, Poland

    Aneta Manda-Handzlik & Urszula Demkow

  2. Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland

    Aneta Manda-Handzlik

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  1. Aneta Manda-Handzlik
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  2. Urszula Demkow
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Correspondence to Urszula Demkow .

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  1. University of Opole Institute of Psychology, Opole, Poland

    Mieczyslaw Pokorski

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Manda-Handzlik, A., Demkow, U. (2015). Neutrophils: The Role of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Health and Disease. In: Pokorski, M. (eds) Pulmonary Infection. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 857. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2015_117

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