Abstract
We give an overview of time series analyses of permanent GPS stations using solutions of the IGS and FinnRef® networks. Lomb periodograms show in most cases a statistically significant annual period both in station coordinates and inter-station distances. In regional networks the scale of the whole network changes periodically, and in some cases there is also a secular trend. There are several possible causes of scale variations, which may not be separable in the data. These include computational artefacts, periodic systematic errors in satellite orbits, signal path delay variations, and geophysical causes like loading and postglacial rebound. We discuss possible reasons, their significance, and their consequences on high-precision GPS observations. Additional constraints, e.g. time series from the superconducting gravimeter, are also discussed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Johansson J.M., J.L. Davis, H.-G. Scherneck, G.A. Milne, M. Vermeer, J.X. Mitrovica, R.A. Bennett, M. Ekman, G. Elgered, P. Elosegui, H. Koivula, M. Poutanen, B.O. Rönnäng, and I.I. Shapiro (2002): Continuous GPS measurements of postglacial adjustment in Fennoscandia, 1. Geodetic results. J. Geophys. Res. 107,B8.
Ihde J. 2003. European Combined Geodetic Network (ECGN). 1st call for participation. Implementation of the ECGN stations.
Mäikinen J., H. Koivula, M. Poutanen, V. Saaranen (2003): Vertical velocities in Finland from permanent GPS networks and from repeated precise levelling. Journal of Geodynamics, 38, 443–456.
Mangiarotti, S., A. Cazenave, L. Soudarin, J.-F. Cretaux (2000): Annual vertical crustal motions predicted from surface mass redistribution and observed by space geodesy, J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 106, No. B3, p. 4277–4291.
Milne G.A., J.L. Davis, J.X. Mitrovica, H.-G. Scherneck, J.M. Johansson, M. Vermeer and H. Koivula (2001): Space-Geodetic Constraints on Glacial Isostatic Adjustment in Fennoscandia. Science, Vol. 291, p. 2381–2385.
Ollikainen, M., H. Koivula and M. Poutanen (2000): The Densification of the EUREF Network in Finland. IAG, Section I-Positioning, Commission X-Global and Regional Geodetic Networks, Sub-Commission for Europe (EUREF). Report on the Symposium of the IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF) held in Prague, 2–5 June 1999. Veröffentlichungen der Bayerischen Kommission für die Internationale Erdmessung der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Astronomisch-Geodätische Arbeiten, Heft Nr. 60. München. p. 114–122.
Poutanen, M., H. Koivula, M. Ollikainen (2002): On the periodicity of GPS time series. International Association of Geodesy Symposia, Vol. 125. Vistas for Geodesy in the New Millennium. (Eds J. Ádäm and K.-P. Schwarz). IAG 2001 Scientific Assembly, Budapest, Hungary, September 2–7, 2001. pp. 388–392. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York.
Poutanen M., H.-P. Plag, H.-G. Scherneck, P. Knudsen, M. Lilje (2003): NGGOS-Nordic Geodetic and Geodynamic Observing System. A paper presented to the Presisium of the Nordic Geodetic Commision, May 30, 2003.
Press W.H., S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, and B.P. Flannery (1996): Numerical Recipes in Fortran 77: The art of scientific computing, Second Edition, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 052143064X.
Rummel, R., Drewes, H., and Beutler, G., 2001. Integrated Global Geodetic Observing System (IGGOS): A candidate IAG project, presented at IAG General Assembly, Budapest, 2001.
Scherneck, H.-G., J.M. Johansson, G. Elgered, J.L. Davis, B. Jonsson, G. Hedling, H. Koivula, M. Ollikainen, M. Poutanen, M. Vermeer, J.X. Mitrovica, and G.A. Milne (2002): BIFROST: Observing the Three-Dimensional Deformation of Fennoscandia. In Ice Sheets, Sea Level and the Dynamic Earth, (Eds. J.X. Mitrovica and B.L.A. Vermeersen). American Geophysical Union, Geodynamics Series, Volume 29, Washington, D.C., p. 69–93.
van Dam T., J. Wahr, P.C.D. Milly, A.B. Shmakin, G. Blewitt, D. Lavallee, and K.M. Larsson (2001): Crustal displacement due to continental water loading. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 28, No, 4, p. 651–654.
Virtanen, H. (2002): Air pressure and Baltic Sea loading corrections for gravity data at Metsähovi. Proceedings of the XIV General Meeting of the Nordic Geodetic Commission (Ed. M. Poutanen, H. Suurmäki). Finnish Geodetic Institute, Kirkkonummi.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Poutanen, M., Jokela, J., Ollikainen, M., Koivula, H., Bilker, M., Virtanen, H. (2005). Scale variation of GPS time series. In: Sansò, F. (eds) A Window on the Future of Geodesy. International Association of Geodesy Symposia, vol 128. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27432-4_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27432-4_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-24055-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-27432-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)