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Hydrogen Bond-Assembled Synthetic Molecular Motors and Machines

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Molecular Machines

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Chemistry ((TOPCURRCHEM,volume 262))

Abstract

Nature uses molecular motors and machines in virtually every significant biological process but learning how to design and assemble simpler artificial structures that function through controlled molecular-level motion is a major challenge for contemporary physical science. In this review we discuss some of the principles behind synthetic molecular motors and machines and examine a class of molecular architectures, benzylic amide catenanes and rotaxanes, that are proving promising in this area. The movement of the components in these systems can be controlled by light, electrons, chemical reactions, pH, temperature and the nature of the environment leading to both simple switches (molecular shuttles) and more complex molecular motors. They operate through biasing random thermal motion and can be understood through an appreciation of physical fluxional transport mechanisms. Remarkably simple examples of stimuli-responsive molecular shuttles can be interfaced with—and even perform physical tasks in—the macroscopic world.

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Abbreviations

a.c.:

alternating current

ICD:

induced circular dichroism

NMR:

nuclear magnetic resonance

NTs:

N-tosyl

SPT-SIR:

spin polarization transfer by selective inversion recovery

VT:

variable temperature

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, EH9 3JJ, Edinburgh, UK

    Euan R. Kay & David A. Leigh

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  1. Euan R. Kay
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  2. David A. Leigh
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Correspondence to David A. Leigh .

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T. Ross Kelly

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Kay, E.R., Leigh, D.A. Hydrogen Bond-Assembled Synthetic Molecular Motors and Machines. In: Kelly, T.R. (eds) Molecular Machines. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 262. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_011

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