Abstract
Various carbon nanocage fullerene materials (clusters, metallofullerenes, onions, nanotubes, nanohorns and nanocapsules) were synthesized by electron-beam irradiation, chemical reaction, hybrid arc discharge, and self-organization . Atomic structures and structural stability of these materials were investigated by high-resolution electron microscopy, molecular dynamics, and molecular orbital calculations. Photoluminescence as well as magnetic and electronic properties of these fullerene materials were also investigated. The present work indicates that the new carbon nanocage fullerene materials with various atomic structures and properties can be produced by various synthesis methods, and a guideline for designing the carbon fullerene materials is summarized.
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Oku, T. et al. Formation, Atomic Structures and Properties of Carbon Nanocage Materials. In: Messina, G., Santangelo, S. (eds) Carbon. Topics in Applied Physics, vol 100. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg . https://doi.org/10.1007/11378235_10
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