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Cellulolytic Enzyme Production and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Second-Generation Bioethanol Production

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Biotechnology in China III: Biofuels and Bioenergy

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 128))

Abstract

Second-generation bioethanol made from lignocellulosic biomass is considered one of the most promising biofuels. However, the enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose component to liberate glucose for ethanol fermentation is one of the major barriers for the process to be economically competitive because of the recalcitrance of feedstock. In this chapter, the progress on the understanding of the mechanisms of lignocellulose degradation, as well as the identification and optimization of fungal cellulases, cellulolytic strains, and cellulase production is reviewed. The physiologic functions and enzymatic mechanisms of two groups of enzymes involved in lignocellulose degradation, cellulases and hemicellulases, are discussed, and the synergism of the cellulase components during lignocellulose degradation is addressed. Furthermore, the methods for screening filamentous fungal strains capable of degrading lignocellulose are evaluated and the production of cellulases by these fungal strains is discussed. Aside from traditional mutagenesis for improving the secretion level and enzymatic activities of cellulases from filamentous fungal species, genetic engineering of strains and protein engineering on cellulase molecules are also highlighted.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, no. 2011CB707403), the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (no. 2010DFA32560), and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET). We thank Didi He for proofreading this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China

    Mingyu Wang, Zhonghai Li, Xu Fang, Lushan Wang & Yinbo Qu

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  1. Mingyu Wang
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  2. Zhonghai Li
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  3. Xu Fang
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Correspondence to Xu Fang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Bioscience & Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China, People's Republic

    Feng-Wu Bai

  2. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116023, China, People's Republic

    Chen-Guang Liu

  3. , State Key Lab of Mat.-Or. Chem. Eng., Nanjing University, 5 Xinmofan Rd., Nanjing, 210009, China, People's Republic

    He Huang

  4. , Lab. of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, USA

    George T Tsao

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Wang, M., Li, Z., Fang, X., Wang, L., Qu, Y. (2012). Cellulolytic Enzyme Production and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Second-Generation Bioethanol Production. In: Bai, FW., Liu, CG., Huang, H., Tsao, G. (eds) Biotechnology in China III: Biofuels and Bioenergy. Advances in Biochemical Engineering Biotechnology, vol 128. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2011_131

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