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Tight Junction Proteins and Cancer

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Tight Junctions

Abstract

The tight junction (TJ) has been the subject of intense investigations since its discovery in the early 1960s. It has long been recognized as a key determinant of the epithelial cell barrier function, but only recendy has the role of the TJ in the control of cellular proliferation and differentiation been appreciated. Identification of the molecular components of the TJ has shown that, in addition to their structural functions, these proteins also regulate both signal transduction emanating from the plasma membrane and gene expression in the nucleus. In addition, studies of human tumors reveal a direct correlation between the loss of functional TJs in cancer progression and metastasis, and several different mutant mice lacking specific TJ proteins develop hyperproliferative disorders. Work conducted in vitro with cell lines has provided additional evidence that the loss of TJ proteins can promote transformation, as well as increased metastatic potential. Intriguingly, the tumorigenic potential of several different viral oncoproteins is also linked to their ability to disrupt TJs. In summary, studies directed at determining the mechanisms whereby the TJ controls cellular proliferation and motility are expected to aid in the development of new effective strategies for treating and preventing human cancers.

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  1. Abramson Family Center, Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Isabel J. Latorre & Kristopher K. Frese

  2. Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

    Ronald T. Javier

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Latorre, I.J., Frese, K.K., Javier, R.T. (2006). Tight Junction Proteins and Cancer. In: Tight Junctions. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-36673-3_9

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