Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Graves Disease

  • Chapter
Orbital Tumors

  • 837 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Char DH. Thyroid Eye Disease. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Rootman J, ed. Diseases of the Orbit. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Felig P, Baxter JD, Frohman LA. Endocrinology and Metabolism. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Pérez Moreiras José V, Prada Sánchez MC. Oftalmopatia Distiroidea. Barcelona: Edika Med; 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Warwar R. New insights into pathogenesis and potential therapeutic options for Graves orbitopathy. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1999;10:358–361.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Diez J. Therapy of Graves’ ophthalmopathy: a novel application of somatostatin analogues. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2001–2;9:1361–1365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Bradley E. Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2001;12:347–351.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bartley G, et al. Clinical features of Graves’ ophthalmopathy in an incidence cohort. Am J Ophthalmol 1996;121:284–290.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kendler DL, Lippa J, Rootman J. The initial clinical characteristics of Graves’ orbitopathy vary with age and sex. Arch Ophthalmol 1993;111:197–201.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Bartley G, et al. The chronology of Graves’ ophthalmopathy in an incidence cohort. Am J Ophthalmol 1996;121:426–434.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Bartley G, et al. Long-term follow-up of Graves’ ophthalmopathy in an incidence cohort. Ophthalmology 1996;103:958–962.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Ohnishi T, Noguchi S, Murakami N, et al. Extraocular muscles in Graves’ ophthalmopathy: usefulness of T2 relaxation time measurements. Radiology 1994;190:857–862.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Utech CI, Khatibnia U, Winter PF, Wulle KG. MR T2 relaxation time for the assessment of retrobulbar inflammation in Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Thyroid 1995;5:185–193.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Bartley G. The differential diagnosis and classification of eyelid retraction. Ophthalmology 1996;103,1:168–176.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Danesh-Meyer H, Savino P, Deramo V, et al. Intraocular pressure changes after treatment for Graves’ orbitopathy. Ophthalmology 2001;108:145–150.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Nunery WR, Martin TR. The association of cigarette smoking with clinical subtypes of ophthalmic Graves’ disease. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 1993;9:77–82.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Bartley G. Evolution of classification systems for Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 1995;11,4:229–237.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Werner SC. Modification of the classification of the eye changes of Graves’ disease. Am J Ophthalmol 1977;83:5,725–726.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Van Dyck H. Orbital Graves’ disease. A modification of the “NO SPECS” classification. Ophthalmology 1981,88:479–483.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Werner SC. Classification of the eye changes of Graves’ disease. J Clin Endocrinol 1969;29:782.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Peyster GR. Hoover E. Computerized Tomography in Orbital Disease and Neuro-Ophthalmology. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers; 1984:97–114.

    Google Scholar 

  22. De Potter PV, Shields JA, Shields CL. MRI of the Eye and Orbit. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Oguz V, Yolar M, Pazarli H. L’Intérêt de l’IRM dans le traitement de la myopathie de l’orbitopathie dysthyroidienne. J Fr Ophtalmol 2001;24:842–846.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Rootman, J. Graves’ orbitopathy. In: Rootman J, ed. Diseases of the Orbit. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1988:248.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ossoinig, KC. The role of standardized ophthalmic echography in the management of Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Dev Ophthalmol 1989;20:28.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Kennerdell, JS, Dresner, SC. The non-specific orbital inflammatory syndromes. Surv Ophthalmol 1984;29:97.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Slamovits, TL, Burde, RM. Bumpy muscles. Surv Ophthalmol 1988;33:189.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Numan AM, Günalp I. Color Doppler imaging of the orbital vasculature in Graves’ disease with computed tomographic correlation. Br J Ophthalmol 2000;84:1027–1030.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Williamson TH, Harris A. Color Doppler ultrasound imaging of the eye and orbit. Surv Ophthalmol 1996;40:255–267.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Van der Pol R, Nieuewenhuis MG, Mourtis MP. Multifocal fibrosclerosis presenting as Grave’s orbitopathy. Bilateral exophthalmos. Graefe Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1999;237:256–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Lam A, Faye M, Seck CM, et al. Non-sarcomatous bilateral exophthalmos disclosing acute myeloblastic leukemia in children. J Fr Ophtalmol 1996;19:283–286.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Yazici B, Yazici Z, Gelisken O. An unusual case: bilateral orbital varices. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1999;77:453–455.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Srivastava S, Newman J. Pseudo-pseudotumor. Surv Ophthalmol 2000;45:135–138.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Jones IS, Jakobiec FA. Diseases of the Orbit. New York: Harper & Row; 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Fatourechi V. Medical treatment of Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmol Clin North Am 2000;13,4:683–691.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Tanda ML, et al. Comparison of the effectiveness and tolerability of intravenous or oral glucocorticoids associated with orbital radiotherapy in the management of severe Graves’ ophthalmopathy: results of a prospective, single-blind randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:3562–3567.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Werner SC. Prednisone in emergency treatment of malignant exophthalmos. Lancet 1966;7:1004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Bartalena L, Marocci C, Pinchera A. Treating severe Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;11:521–536.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Ebner R, et al. Tratamiento de la oftalmopatia asociada con distiroidismo con triancinolona periocular. Arch Oftalmol Buenos Aires 2001;76:55–66.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Schaefer U, Hesselmann S, Micke O, Willich N. A long-term follow-up study after retro-orbital irradiation for Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;52:192–197.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Gorman C, Garrity J, Bartley G. A prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study of orbital radiotherapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmology 2001;108,9:1523–1534.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Meyer D. Surgical management of Graves’ orbitopathy. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1999;10:343–351.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Tarrus-Montaner S, Lucarelli J, Lemke B, Dortzbach R. The surgical treatment of Graves’ orbitopathy. Ophthalmol Clin North Am 2000;13:693–704.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Goldberg RA. The evolving paradigm of orbital decompression surgery. Arch Ophthalmol 1998;116:95–96.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Nguyen VT, Park DJ, Levin L, Feldon SE. Correction of restricted extraocular muscle motility in surgical management of strabismus in Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmology 2002;109:384–388.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Harvey JT, Anderson RL. The aponeurotic approach to eyelid retraction. Ophthalmology 1981;88:513.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Daniel Weil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Guillermo A. Fridrich
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Weil, D., Fridrich, G.A. (2005). Graves Disease. In: Orbital Tumors. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-27086-8_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-27086-8_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-21321-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-27086-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation