Skip to main content

Exposure to Hg in the General Population of Europe and the Arctic

  • Chapter
Dynamics of Mercury Pollution on Regional and Global Scales:

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Akesson, I., Schutz, A., Attewell, R., Skerfving, S., Glantz, P.O. Status of mercury and selenium in dental personnel: Impact of amalgam work and fillings. Arch. Environ. Health, 46, 102–109, 1991.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Apostoli, P., Cortesi, I., Mangili, A., Elia, G., Drago, I., Gagliardi, T., Soleo, L., Valente, T., Sciarra, G.F., Aprea, C., Ronchi, A., Minoia, C. Assessment of reference values for mercury in urine: the results of an Italian polycentric study. Sci. Tot. Env., 289, 13–24,2002.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ask, Bjornberg, K., Vather, M., Petersson-GrawĂ©, K., Glynn, A., Cnattingius, S., Darnerud, P.O., Atuma, S., Aune, M., Becker, W., Berglund, M. Methyl mercury and inorganic mercury in Swedish pregnant women and in cord blood: Influence of fish consumption. Env. Health Perspect., 111, 637–641, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Babi, D., Vasjari, M., Celo, V., Koroveshi, M. Some results on Hg content in hair in different populations in Albania. Sci. Tot. Environ., 259, 55–60, 2000.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barregard, L., Sallsten, G., Jarvholm, B. People with high mercury uptake from their own dental amalgam fillings. Occup. Env. Med., 52, 124–128, 1995.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barregard, L., Sallsten, G., Mazzolai, B., Tripoli, G., Raffa, S., Mattoli, V., Horvat, M., Gibicar, D., Fajon, V., Fontanelli, R., LaManna, S., Di Bona, S. EMECAP — Deliverable D3.1. Work package no. 3. Epidemiological research. Report on urinary Hg in three groups (MCCA workers, potentially exposed citizens and control groups). Report to the EU commission. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Academy, Göteborg, Sweden, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, K., Schulz, C., Kaus, S., Seiwert, M., Seifert, B. German Environmental Survey 1998 (GerES III): environmental pollutant in the urine of the German population. Int. J. Hyg. Env. Health, 206, 15–24, 2003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BeneĆĄ, B., SladkĂĄ, J., SpěváčkovĂĄ, V., Ć mĂ­d, J. Determination of normal concentration levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Se and Zn in hair of the child population in the Czech Republic. Cent. Eur. J. Publ. Health, 4, 184–186, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burbure, C., Buchet, J.P., Bernard, A., Leroyer, A., Nisse, C., Haguenoer, J.M., Bergamaschi, E., Mutti, A. Biomarkers of renal effects in children and adults with low environmental exposure to heavy metals. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A, 66, 783–798, 2003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carrier, G., Brunet, R.C., Caza, M., Bouchard, M. A toxicokinetic model for predicting tissue distribution and elimination of organic and inorganic mercury following exposure to methyl mercury in animals and humans. I. Development and validation of the model using experimental data in rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 171, 38–49, 2001.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carrier, G., Brunet, R.C., Caza, M. A toxicokinetic model for predicting tissue distribution and elimination of organic and inorganic mercury following exposure to methyl mercury in animals and humans. II. Application and validation of the model in humans. Toxico.l Appl. Pharmacol., 171, 50–60, 2001.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carta, P., Flore, C., Alinovi, R., Ibba, A., Tocco, M.G., Aru, G., Carta, R., Girei, E., Mutti, A., Lucchini, R., Randaccio, F.S. Sub-clinical neurobehavioral abnormalities associated with low level of mercury exposure through fish consumption. Neurotoxicology, 24, 617–623, 2003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clarkson, T. W. The three modem faces of mercury. Env. Health Perspect., 110, 11–23, 2002.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ellingsen, D., Efskind, J., Berg, K.J., Gaarder, P.I., Thomassen, Y. Renal and immunologic markers for chloralkali workers with low exposure to mercury vapor. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health, 26(5) 427–435, 2000.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • European Union Commission Regulation (EC). Maximum levels for certain contaminants in food stuff. No. 466/2001 of March 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Comission Chapter 5. Exposure to mercury in Europe. In: Position paper on mercury. European Comission, Air Quality, Daughter Directives. Available at www.europa.eu.int/comm/environment/air/background.htm#mercury

    Google Scholar 

  • Evens, C.C., Martin, M.D., Woods, J.S., Soares, H.L., Bernardo, M., LeitĂ€o, J., Simmonds, P.L., Liang, L., DeRouen, T. Examination of dietary methylmercury exposure in the Casa Pia study of the health effects of dental amalgams in children. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A, 64, 521–530, 2001.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gabrio, T., Benedikt, G., Broser, S., Felder-Kennel, A., Fichtner, G., Horras-Hun, G., Jovanovic, S., Kirsch, H., Kouros, B., Link, B., Maisner, V., Piechotowski, I., Rzonca, E., Schick, K.H., Schrimpf, M., Schroder, S., Schwenk, M., Spöker-Maas, K., Weidner, U., Wuthe, J., Zöllner, I. 10 Jahre BeobachtungsgesundheitsĂ€mter in Baden-WĂŒrttemberg — Beurteilung der Human-Biomonitoring-Untersuchungen BezĂŒglich der Quecksilber-Belastung durch AmalgamfĂŒllungen und andere Quellen. (10 years of observation by Public Health Offices in Baden-WĂŒrttemberg — Assessment of human biomonitoring för mercury due to dental amalgam fillings and other sources.) Gesundheitswesen, 65, 327–335, 2003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gebel, T., Suchenwirth, Behmke, C., Plessow, Claussen, K., Schulze, E., Dunkelberg, H. Biomonitoring-Untersuchung bei Personen in Wohngebieten mit erhöhen Bodenwerten an Quecksilber, Arsen und Antimon. Gesundheitswesen, 60, 580–585, 1998.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez, C.A., Kogevinas, M., Gadea, E., Huici, A., Bosch, A., Bleda, M.J., PĂ€pke, O. Biomonitoring study of people living near or working at a municipal solid-waste incinerator before and after two years of operation. Arch. Environ. Health, 55, 259–267, 2000.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hać, E., KrzyĆŒanowski, M., Krechniak, J. Total mercury in human renal cortex, liver, cerebellum and hair. Sci, Tot. Env., 248, 37–43,2000.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • JarosiƄska, D., et al., EMECAP — Deliverable D3.1. Work package 3. Epidemiological research. Report on urinary mercury levels in three study groups: MCCA workers, potentially exposed individuals and population in the reference area. Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental H5alth, Sosnowiec, Poland; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnsson, C., Sallsten, G., SchĂŒtz, A., Sjors, A., Barregard, L. Hair mercury levels versus freshwater fish consumption in household members of Swedish angling societies. Env. Res., 6, 257–263,2004a.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnsson, C., SchĂŒtz, A., Sallsten, G. Impact of Consumption of Freshwater Fish on Mercury Levels in Hair, Blood, Urine, and Alveolar Air. (Submitted) 2004b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindow, S.W., Knight, R., Batty, J., Haswell, S.J. Maternal and neonatal hair mercury concentrations: the effect of dental amalgam. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 110, 287–291, 2003.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Magos, L. Neurotoxic character of thiomerosal and the allometric extrapolation of adult clearance half-time to infants. J. Appl. Toxicol., 23, 263–269, 2003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muckle, G., Ayotte, P., Dewailly, E., Jacobson, S.W., Jacobson, J.L. Determinant of polychlorinated biphenyls and methylmercury exposure in Inuit women of childbearing age. Env. Health Perspect., 109, 957–963, 2001.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murata, K., Weihe, P., Renzoni, A., Debes, F., Vasconcelos, R., Zino, F., Araki, S., Jorgensen, P.J. White, R.F., Grandjean, P. Delayed evoked potentials in children exposed to methylmercury from seafood. Neurotoxicol. Teratol., 21, 343–8, 1999.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murata, K., Weihe, P., Budtz-JØrgensen, E., JØrgensen, P., Grandjean, P. Delayed brainstem auditory evoked potential latencies in 14-year-old children exposed to methylmercury. J. Pediatr., 144, 177–183, 2004.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pesch, A., Wilhelm, M., Rostek, U., Schmitz, N., Weishoff-Houben, M., Ranft, U., Idel, H. Mercury concentrations in urine, scalp hair, and saliva in children from Germany. J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol., 12, 252–258, 2002.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pichichero, M.E., Cernichiari, E., Lopreiato, J., Treanor, J. Mercury concentrations and metabolism in infants receiving vaccines containing thiomersal: a descriptive study. Lancet, 360, 1737–1741, 2002.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pranjic, N., Sinanovic, O., Jakubovic, R. Chronic psychological effects of exposure to ercury vapour among chlorine-alkali plant workers. Med. Lav., 94, 531–41, 2003.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Renzoni, A., Zino, F., Franchi, E. Mercury levels along the food chain and risk for exposed populations. Env. Res., 77, 68–72, 1998.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie, K.A., Gilmour, W.H., Macdonald, E.B., Burke, F.J.T., McGowan, D.A., Dale, I.M., Hammersley, R., Hamilton, R.M., Binnie, V., Collington, D. Health and neuropsychological functioning of dentists exposed to mercury. Occup. Env. Med., 59, 287–293, 2002.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosborg, I., NihlgĂ„rd, B., Gerhardsson, L. Hair element concentrations in females in one acid and one alkaline area in southern Sweden. Ambio, 32, 440–446,2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rothschild, R.F.N., Duffy, L.K. Methylmercury in the hair of subsistence food users in a rural Alaskan village. Alaska Medicine, 44, 2–7, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sallsten, G., ThorĂ©n, J., Barregard, L., SchĂŒtz, A., Skarping, G. Long-term use of nicotine chewing gum and mercury exposure from dental amalgam fillings. J. Dent. Res., 75, 594–598, 1996.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salonen, J.T., SeppĂ€nen, K., Lakka, T.A., Salonen, R., Kaplan, G.A. Mercury accumulation and accelerated progression of carotid atherosclerosis: a population-based prospective 4-year follow-up study in men in eastern Finland. Atherosclerosis, 148, 265–273, 2000.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuurs, A., Exterkate, R., ten Cate, B. Biological mercury measurements before and after administration of a chelator (DMPS) and subjective symptoms allegedly due to amalgam. Eur. J. Oral Sci., 108, 511–522, 2000.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seifert, B., Becker, K., Helm, D., Krause, C., Schulz, C., Seiwert, M. The German Environmental Survey 1990/1992 (GerES II): reference concentrations of selected environmental pollutants in blood, urine, hair, house dust, drinking water and indoor air. J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol., 10, 552–565, 2000.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seifert, B., Becker, K., Hoffman, K., Krause, C., Schulz, C. The German Environmental Survey 1990/1992 (GerES II): a representative population study. J. Expos. Anal. Env. Epidemiol., 10, 103–114, 2000.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soleo, L., Elia, G., Russo, A., Schiavulli, N., Lasorsa, G., Mangili, A., Gilberti, E., Ronchi, A., Balducci, C., Minoia, C., Aprea, C., Sciarra, G.F., Valente, T., Fenga, C. Reference values of urinary mercury in the Italian population (In Italian). G. Ital. Med. Lav. Ergon., 25, 107–13, 2003.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Urban, P., LukĂĄĆĄ, E., NerudovĂĄ, J., ČábelkovĂĄ, Z., Cikrt, M. Neurological and electrophysiological examinations in three groups of workers with different levels of exposure to mercury vapors. Euro. Neurol., 6, 571–577, 1999.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vahter, M., Akesson, A., Lind, B., Bjors, U., SchĂŒtz, A., Berglund, M. Longitudinal study of methylmercury and inorganic mercury in blood and urine of pregnant and lactating women, as well as in umbilical cord blood. Env. Res., A, 84, 186–194, 2000.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Oostdam, J., Gilman, A., Dewailly, E., Usher, P., Wheatley, B., Kuhnlein, H., Neve S, Walker J, Tracy B, Feeley M, Jerome V, Kwavnick B. Human health implications of environmental contaminants in arctic Canada: a review. Sci. Tot. Env., 230 1–82, 1999.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weihe, P., Hansen, J.C., Murata, K., Debes, F., JØrgensen, P.J., Steuerwald, U. White RF, Grandjean P. Neurobehavioral performance of Inuit children with increased prenatal exposure to methylmercury. Int. J. Circumpolar Health, 61, 41–49, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO IPCS Environmental Health Criteria, Vol. 101, Methylmercury. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO IPCS Environmental Health Criteria, Vol. 118, Inorganic Mercury. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer Science+Business Media Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

BarregÄrd, L. (2005). Exposure to Hg in the General Population of Europe and the Arctic. In: Pirrone, N., Mahaffey, K.R. (eds) Dynamics of Mercury Pollution on Regional and Global Scales:. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-24494-8_16

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics