Conclusions
HIV-1 binding to receptors on brain endothelia, possibly CCR3 and CXCR4, may initiate a cascade of effects that culminate in increased transcellular penetration of the BBB by the virus and invasion of the CNS. Cocaine may open the paracellular route across the BBB and modulate the immune system to increase HIV-1 neuroinvasion. The BBB is, indeed, a barrier that is worth preserving against virus neuroinvasion.
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Fiala, M., Gujuluva, C., Berger, O., Bukrinsky, M., Kim, K.S., Graves, M.C. (2002). Chemokine Receptors on Brain Endothelia - Keys to HIV-1 Neuroinvasion?. In: Friedman, H., Klein, T.W., Madden, J.J. (eds) Neuroimmune Circuits, Drugs of Abuse, and Infectious Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 493. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47611-8_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47611-8_4
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