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Numerical Modelling of Hydrogen Assisted Cracking in Steel Welds

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Cracking Phenomena in Welds IV

Abstract

Hydrogen assisted stress corrosion and cold cracking represent still a major topic regarding the safety of welded steel components against failure in many industrial branches. Hydrogen might be introduced during fabrication welding or might be taken up from an environment during sour service or at cathodic protection. Additionally, understanding and avoidance of hydrogen entry into weld microstructures from gaseous pressurized environments becomes increasingly important for renewable energy components. There are two types of metallurgical mechanisms associated with hydrogen assisted cracking, i.e. the cracking as well as hydrogen transport and trapping mechanisms. For numerical modelling, it has to be considered that both types are not independent of each other, that the mechanisms are not yet completely clarified and that validation of such models strongly depends on implementation of the correct hydrogen related materials properties. However, quite significant achievements have been made in modelling of hydrogen assisted cracking by indirect coupling of thermal, stress-strain as well as hydrogen uptake and diffusion analyses. After a brief introduction into the subject and by revisiting various proposed cracking mechanisms, the present contribution focuses on recent developments of a numerical model based on a comparison of actual hydrogen concentrations and mechanical loads with respective hydrogen dependent material properties as crack initiation and propagation criteria. The basic procedure for numerical simulation of crack initiation and propagation is outlined and it is shown how such numerical simulations can be validated experimentally. Furthermore, it is highlighted how such a procedure has been extended to a comprehensive model for life time prediction of welded steel pipeline components and experimentally verified. Finally, it is outlined how the model can be extended to simulate cracking in heterogeneous steel microstructures on the different scales.

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  1. BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany

    Th. Boellinghaus, T. Mente, P. Wongpanya, E. Viyanit & E. Steppan

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  1. forschung und -prüfung, BAM Bundesanstalt für Material-, Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Thomas Boellinghaus

  2. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    John C. Lippold

  3. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

    Carl Edward Cross

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Boellinghaus, T., Mente, T., Wongpanya, P., Viyanit, E., Steppan, E. (2016). Numerical Modelling of Hydrogen Assisted Cracking in Steel Welds. In: Boellinghaus, T., Lippold, J., Cross, C. (eds) Cracking Phenomena in Welds IV. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28434-7_18

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