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Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering of Ionic Liquids

  • Chapter
Electrochemistry in Ionic Liquids

Abstract

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a powerful technique that is used to resolve the size and structure of phases on the nanometer scale, within a sample. While these features may also be observed with other techniques, such as electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy, SAXS provides a means to resolve statistically significant nanometer features in situ, because of its ability to probe over a relatively large sample volume (≈1 mm × 1 mm × 1 mm for typical ionic liquids). This makes SAXS well suited to study the structures of ionic liquids (IL). However, a typical SAXS experiment and subsequent analysis require careful considerations of the sample and limits of the analytical approach used. In this chapter, we will present a brief introduction to SAXS with special emphasis on the experimental setup and analysis. At the end of this chapter, X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy will be presented as a potentially powerful technique to resolve the dynamics of scattering phases in IL solutions.

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Acknowledgment

We thank Dr. Andrew J. Allen for his careful reading of our chapter. ChemMatCARS Sector 15 is principally supported by the National Science Foundation/Department of Energy under grant number NSF/CHE-0822838. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. X-Ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL, 60439, USA

    Joshua A. Hammons & Jan Ilavsky

  2. Materials Measurement Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA

    Fan Zhang

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  1. Joshua A. Hammons
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Correspondence to Joshua A. Hammons .

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  1. Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, Burwood, Victoria, Australia

    Angel A. J. Torriero

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Hammons, J.A., Ilavsky, J., Zhang, F. (2015). Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering of Ionic Liquids. In: Torriero, A. (eds) Electrochemistry in Ionic Liquids. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13485-7_6

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