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Berberine

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Nutraceuticals in Veterinary Medicine

Abstract

Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid that can be obtained from many plants of genus Berberis, Hydrastis, Coptis, and Argemone. Common plants that are sources for BBR include B. vulgaris (barberry), B. aristata (tree turmeric), B. aquifolium (Oregon grape), B. thunbergii, C. chinensis (Coptis or Chinese goldthread), C. trifolia (American goldthread), C. japonica, H. canadensis (goldenseal), Argemone mexicana (prickly poppy), and Thalictrum lucidum. Following the oral administration, BBR is unstable in the GI tract and poorly bioavailable. It has wide pharmacological and therapeutic applications because of its multiple mechanisms and target effects. The therapeutic use of BBR has been described in obesity, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, congestive heart failure, neurodegenerative diseases, hepatic diseases, chronic trachoma, and cancer. This chapter describes pharmacokinetics, pharmacological and therapeutic applications, and safety and toxicity assessment of BBR and its major metabolites.

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank Ms. Robin B. Doss for her technical assistance in preparation of this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vets Plus Inc., Menomonie, WI, USA

    Ajay Srivastava, Anita Sinha & Rajiv Lall

  2. Toxicology Department, Breathitt Veterinary Center, Murray State University, Hopkinsville, KY, USA

    Ramesh C. Gupta

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  1. Ajay Srivastava
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Correspondence to Ramesh C. Gupta .

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  1. Department of Toxicology, Breathitt Veterinary Center, Murray State University, Hopkinsville, KY, USA

    Ramesh C. Gupta

  2. Vets Plus Inc., University of Wisconsin–Stout, Menonomie, WI, USA

    Ajay Srivastava

  3. Vets Plus Inc., Menomonie, WI, USA

    Rajiv Lall

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Srivastava, A., Sinha, A., Lall, R., Gupta, R.C. (2019). Berberine. In: Gupta, R., Srivastava, A., Lall, R. (eds) Nutraceuticals in Veterinary Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04624-8_5

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