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Tissue Culture and Regeneration: A Prerequisite for Alien Gene Transfer

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Alien Gene Transfer in Crop Plants, Volume 1

Abstract

Introgression of genes from alien species into crop plants could be achieved through distant hybridisation aided by tissue culture-based embryo rescue techniques. Beside this, in vitro mutagenesis, gametoclonal/somaclonal variation and transgenesis are the other tools which can generate additional variability. However, all these tissue culture-based tools require totipotent tissues. The direct regeneration of plants from an explant without a callus stage via organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis is the quickest path for micropropagation. Because of their speed and low costs of culture phase and the fidelity of the genotype in the cloned progeny, systems with direct somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis are often recommended and subjected to transformation. On the other hand, most micropropagation procedures with a callus stage can be applied as a basis for transformation, and the fresh friable calli can be directly used as the transformation target. Cell and microspore suspension cultures have also been seen as the ideal targets for genetic transformation due to the large amount of homogenous material, easy selection of the targeted cells and less chances of chimeric regeneration, while protoplasts due to exposed plasma membrane can introduce foreign DNA very easily and therefore form the ideal targets for generating unique and novel plants. This chapter discusses various plant regeneration methods and the factors affecting them towards achieving alien gene transfer in crop plants.

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Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

BAP:

Benzylaminopurine

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

PAA:

Phenyl acetic acid

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

PGR:

Plant growth regulators

SE:

Somatic embryo

WPM:

Woody plant medium

CPPU:

N-(2-Chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea

MS:

Basal medium according to Murashige and Skoog (1962)

B5:

Basal medium according to Gamborg Miller and Ojima (1968)

NAA:

1-Naphthalene acetic acid

TDZ:

Thidiazuron

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Krakow, Poland

    Maria Wędzony Ph.D.

  2. Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Krakow, Poland

    Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda, Iwona Żur, Ewa Dubas & Monika Krzewska

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  1. Maria Wędzony Ph.D.
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  2. Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda
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  3. Iwona Żur
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  4. Ewa Dubas
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  5. Monika Krzewska
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Correspondence to Maria Wędzony Ph.D. .

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  1. Senior Scientist (Plant Breeding), Indian Institute of Pulses Research Crop Improvement Division, Kalyanpur-Kanpur, India

    Aditya Pratap

  2. Senior Scientist (Plant Breeding), Indian Institute of Pulses Research Crop Improvement Division, Kalyanpur-Kanpur, India

    Jitendra Kumar

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Wędzony, M., Szechyńska-Hebda, M., Żur, I., Dubas, E., Krzewska, M. (2014). Tissue Culture and Regeneration: A Prerequisite for Alien Gene Transfer. In: Pratap, A., Kumar, J. (eds) Alien Gene Transfer in Crop Plants, Volume 1. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8585-8_3

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