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Nanopores: Generation, Engineering, and Single-Molecule Applications

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Handbook of Single-Molecule Biophysics

Abstract

Nanopores enable the sensing of individual molecules based on the temporary blockades in ionic pore current. Initially conducted a decade ago with a biological protein pore, electrical recordings are now routinely performed with synthetic pores sculptured into polymeric and inorganic membranes. Assisted by channel engineering, the range of analytes has been expanded from nucleic acids to peptides, proteins, organic polymers, and small molecules. Apart from being an attractive analytical approach, nanopore recording has developed into a general platform technology with which it is possible to examine the biophysics, physicochemistry, and chemistry of individual molecules. Nanopores can also be exploited for separation technologies and nanofluidics due to their ability to control the flow of solvated ions. The combined use with atomic force and fluorescence microscopy is extending the versatility of nanopores for single-molecule research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ, London, UK

    Stefan Howorka

  2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, 210G Rowland Hall, Mail Code: 4575, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA

    Zuzanna Siwy

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  1. Institut für Biophysik, Universität Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, Linz, 4040, Austria

    Peter Hinterdorfer

  2. Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Longwood Ave. 250, Boston, 02115, U.S.A.

    Antoine Oijen

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Howorka, S., Siwy, Z. (2009). Nanopores: Generation, Engineering, and Single-Molecule Applications. In: Hinterdorfer, P., Oijen, A. (eds) Handbook of Single-Molecule Biophysics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76497-9_11

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