Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Related-key cryptanalysis of 3-WAY, Biham-DES,CAST, DES-X, NewDES, RC2, and TEA

  • Session 8: Block Ciphers
  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Information and Communications Security (ICICS 1997)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 1334))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

We present new related-key attacks on the block ciphers 3WAY, Biham-DES, CAST, DES-X, NewDES, RC2, and TEA. Differential related-key attacks allow both keys and plaintexts to be chosen with specific differences [KSW96]. Our attacks build on the original work, showing how to adapt the general attack to deal with the difficulties of the individual algorithms. We also give specific design principles to protect against these attacks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. C. Adams, “Simple and Effective Key Scheduling for Symmetric Ciphers,” Workshop on Selected Areas in Cryptography: SAC '94, 1994, pp 129–133.

    Google Scholar 

  2. C. Adams, “Constructing Symmetric Ciphers Using the CAST Design Procedure,” Designs, Codes and Cryptography, v 12, n 3, 1997, to appear.

    Google Scholar 

  3. I. Ben-Aroya and E. Biham, “Differential Cryptanalysis of Lucifer,” Advances in Cryptology-CRYPTO '93, Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp. 187–199.

    Google Scholar 

  4. D. Bernstein, personal communication, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  5. E. Biham, “New Types of Cryptanalytic Attacks Using Related Keys,” Advances in Cryptology-EUROCRYPT '93, Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp. 398–409.

    Google Scholar 

  6. E. Biham and A. Biryukov, “How to Strengthen DES Using Existing Hardware,” Advances in Cryptology-ASIA CRYPT '94, Springer-Verlag, pp. 398–412.

    Google Scholar 

  7. E. Biham and A. Shamir, “Differential Cryptanalysis of the Full 16-round DES,” Advances in Cryptology-CRYPTO '92, Springer-Verlag 1993, pp. 487–496.

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. Daemen, “Limitations of the Even-Mansour Construction,” Advances in Cryptology-ASIA CRYPT '91, Springer-Verlag, 1992, pp. 495–498.

    Google Scholar 

  9. J. Daemen, “A New Approach to Block Cipher Design,” Fast Software Encryption, Cambridge Security Workshop Proceedings, Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp. 18–32.

    Google Scholar 

  10. I.B. Damgard and L.R. Knudsen, “Multiple Encryption with Minimum Key,” Cryptography: Policy and Algorithms, Springer-Verlag, 1996, pp. 156–164.

    Google Scholar 

  11. W. Diffie and M.E. Hellman. “Privacy and Authentication: An Introduction to Cryptography”. Proceedings of the IEEE, vol 67 no 3, March 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  12. R. Fleming, “An attack on a weakened version of TEA,” post to the sci.crypt newsgroup, October 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  13. COST, Gosudarstvennyi Standard 28147-89, “Cryptographic Protection for Data Processing Systems,” Government Committee of the USSR for Standards, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  14. J. Kelsey, B. Schneier, and D. Wagner, “Key-Schedule Cryptanalysis of IDEA, G-DES, COST, SAFER, and Triple-DES,” Advances in Cryptology-CRYPTO '96, Springer-Verlag, 1996, pp. 237–251.

    Google Scholar 

  15. K. Kim, S. Park, and S. Lee, “Reconstruction of 82 DES S-Boxes and their Immunity to Differential Cryptanalysis,” Proceedings of the 1993 Japan-Korea Workshop on Information Security and Cryptography, Seoul, Korea, 24–26 October 1993, pp. 282–291.

    Google Scholar 

  16. L.R. Knudsen, “Cryptanalysis of LOKI,” Advances in CryptologyASIACRYPT '91, Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp. 22–35.

    Google Scholar 

  17. L.R. Knudsen, “Cryptanalysis of LOKI91,” Advances in CryptologyAUSCRYPT '92, Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp. 196–208.

    Google Scholar 

  18. L.R. Knudsen, “Block Ciphers-Analysis, Design, Applications,” Ph.D. dissertation, Aarhus University, Nov 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  19. L.R. Knudsen, “A Key-schedule Weakness in SAFER K-64,” Advances in Cryptology-CRYPTO '95, Springer-Verlag, 1995, pp. 274–286.

    Google Scholar 

  20. J. Kilian and P. Rogaway, “How to protect DES against exhaustive key search,” Advances in Cryptology-CRYPTO '96, Springer-Verlag, 1996, pp. 252–267.

    Google Scholar 

  21. X. Lai, J. Massey, and S. Murphy, “Markov Ciphers and Differential Cryptanalysis,” Advances in Cryptology-CRYPTO '91, Springer-Verlag, 1991, pp. 17–38.

    Google Scholar 

  22. J.L. Massey, “SAFER K-64: A Byte-Oriented Block-Ciphering Algorithm”, Fast Software Encryption, Cambridge Security Workshop Proceedings, Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp. 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  23. A. Pfitzmann and R. Abmann, “Efficient Software Implementations of (Generalized) DES,” Proc. SECURICOM '90, Paris, 1990, pp. 139–158.

    Google Scholar 

  24. A. Pfitzmann and R. Abmann, “More Efficient Software Implementations of (Generalized) DES,” Technical Report PfAb90, Interner Bericht 18/90, Fakultat fur Informatik, Universitat Karlsruhe, 1990. http:// www.informatik.uni-hildesheim.de/∼sirene/lit/abstr90.html#PfAss-90

    Google Scholar 

  25. Research and Development in Advanced Communication Technologies in Europe, RIPE Integrity Primitives: Final Report of RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation (R1040), RACE, Jun 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  26. R. Rivest, personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  27. R. Rivest, “A Description of the RC2(r) Encryption Algorithm,” InternetDraft, work in progress, June 1997, ftp://ds.internic.net/internetdrafts /draft-rivest-rc2desc-00.txt

    Google Scholar 

  28. P. Rogaway and D. Coppersmith, “A Software-Optimized Encryption Algorithm,” Fast Software Encryption, Cambridge Security Workshop Proceedings, Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp. 56–63.

    Google Scholar 

  29. B. Schneier, “Description of a New Variable-Length Key, 64-Bit Block Cipher (Blowfish),” Fast Software Encryption, Cambridge Security Workshop Proceedings, Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp. 191–204.

    Google Scholar 

  30. R. Scott, “Wide Open Encryption Design Offers Flexible Implementations,” Cryptologia, v. 9, n. 1, Jan 1985, pp. 75–90.

    Google Scholar 

  31. R. Scott, “Revision of NewDES,” personal communication, also posted to the sci.crypt newsgroup on the Internet, May 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  32. D. Wheeler and R. Needham, “TEA, a Tiny Encryption Algorithm,” Fast Software Encryption, Second International Workshop Proceedings, Springer-Verlag, 1995, pp. 97–110.

    Google Scholar 

  33. R. Winternitz, “Producing One-Way Hash Functions from DES,” Advances in Cryptology: Proceedings of Crypto 83, Plenum Press, 1984, pp. 203–207.

    Google Scholar 

  34. R. Winternitz and M. Hellman, “Chosen-key Attacks on a Block Cipher,” Cryptologia, v. 11, n. 1, Jan 1987, pp. 16–20.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Counterpane Systems, USA

    John Kelsey & Bruce Schneier

  2. U. C. Berkeley, USA

    David Wagner

Authors
  1. John Kelsey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bruce Schneier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. David Wagner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Yongfei Han Tatsuaki Okamoto Sihan Qing

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer-Verlag

About this paper

Cite this paper

Kelsey, J., Schneier, B., Wagner, D. (1997). Related-key cryptanalysis of 3-WAY, Biham-DES,CAST, DES-X, NewDES, RC2, and TEA. In: Han, Y., Okamoto, T., Qing, S. (eds) Information and Communications Security. ICICS 1997. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1334. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0028479

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0028479

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-63696-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69628-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation