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Veterinary Medicines and the Environment

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Comparative and Veterinary Pharmacology

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 199))

Abstract

Veterinary medicines may be emitted either directly or indirectly into the environment, following its use. As veterinary medicines are biologically active compounds, there is a concern that their occurrence in the environment may have an adverse impact on aquatic and terrestrial organisms. This chapter reviews the major sources by which veterinary medicines enter the environment, the fate, behaviour and occurrence of veterinary medicines in the environment and the potential effects on environmental and human health. Finally, gaps in the current knowledge are identified and recommendations provided on priorities for future research.

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  1. Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK

    Alistair B. A. Boxall

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Correspondence to Alistair B. A. Boxall .

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  1. Dept. Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, United Kingdom

    Fiona Cunningham

  2. Dept. Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, United Kingdom

    Jonathan Elliott

  3. Dept. Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, United Kingdom

    Peter Lees

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Boxall, A.B.A. (2010). Veterinary Medicines and the Environment. In: Cunningham, F., Elliott, J., Lees, P. (eds) Comparative and Veterinary Pharmacology. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 199. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10324-7_12

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