Abstract
Due to quantization error, bit-replacement, or truncation, most data embedding techniques proposed so far lead to distortions in the original image. These distortions create problems in some areas such as medical, astronomical, and military imagery. Lossless watermarking is an exact restoration approach for recovering the original image from the watermarked image. In this paper we present a novel reversible watermarking technique with higher embedding capacity considering the Human Visual System (HVS). During embedding we detect the textured blocks, extract LSBs of the pixel-values from these textured blocks considering the HVS and concatenate the authentication information with the compressed bit-string. We then replace the LSBs of the textured blocks considering the HVS with this bit-string. Since we consider the HVS while extracting LSBs and embedding the payload, the distortions in the resulting watermarked image are completely reversible and imperceptible. We present experimental results to demonstrate the utility of our proposed algorithm.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Celik, M.U., Sharma, G., Tekalp, M.A., Saber, E.: Reversible Data Hiding. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing, Rochester, NY, USA, September 24, vol. 2, pp. 157–160 (2002)
Honsinger, C.W., Jones, P.W., Rabbani, M., Stoffel, J.C.: Lossless Recovery of an Original Image Containing Embedded Data. US Patent # 6,278,791 (August 2001)
Fridrich, J., Goljan, M., Du, R.: Invertible Authentication. In: Proc. of SPIE Photonics West, Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents III, San Jose, California, USA, January 2001, vol. 3971, pp. 197–208 (2001)
Fridrich, J., Goljan, M., Du, R.: Lossless Data Embedding – New Paradigm in Digital Watermarking. Special Issue on Emerging Applications of Multimedia Data Hiding 2, 185–196 (2002)
Tian, J.: Wavelet-based reversible watermarking for authentication. In: Proc. Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents IV, Electronic Imaging 2002, January 20-25, vol. 4675, pp. 679–690 (2002)
Kankanhalli, M.S., Rajmohan, Ramakrishnan, K.R.: Content-based Watermarking of Images. In: Proceedings of 6th ACM International Multimedia Conference, Bristol, UK, September 1998, pp. 61–70 (1998)
Fridrich, J., Goljan, M., Du, R.: Lossless Data Embedding for all Image Formats. In: Proc. SPIE Photonics West, Electronic Imaging, Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents, San Jose, California, USA, January 2002, vol. 4675, pp. 572–583 (2002)
Sayood, K.: Introduction to Data Compression, 2nd edn., pp. 77–104. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2000)
Goljan, M., Fridrich, J., Du, R.: Distortion-free Data Embedding. In: Moskowitz, I.S. (ed.) IH 2001. LNCS, vol. 2137, pp. 27–41. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Fridrich, J., Goljan, M., Du, R.: Invertible Authentication Watermark for JPEG Images. In: Proc. of Information Technology: Coding and Computing, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, April 2-4, pp. 223–227 (2001)
Gonzalez, R.C., Woods, R.E.: Digital Image Processing, 2nd edn., pp. 446–448. Pearson Education International, Prentice Hall (2002)
Vleeschouwer, C.D., Delaigle, J.F., Macq, B.: Circular Interpretation of Histogram for Reversible Watermarking. In: IEEE 4th Workshop Multimedia Signal Processing, pp. 345–350 (2001)
Xuan, G., Chen, J., Zhu, J., Shi, Y.Q., Ni, Z., Su, W.: Lossless Data hiding based on Integer Wavelet Transform. In: IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, Marriott Beach Resort St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands, December 9-11 (2002)
Ni, Z., Shi, Y.Q., Ansari, N., Su, W.: Reversible Data Hiding. In: Proceedings of International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2003), Bangkok, Thailand, May 25-28, vol. 2, pp. 912–915 (2003)
Hongmei, L., Zhefeng, Z., Jiwu, H., Xialing, H., Shi, Y.Q.: A High Capacity Distortionfree Data Hiding Algorithm for Palette Image. In: Proceedings of International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2003), Bangkok, Thailand, May 25-28, vol. 2, pp. 916–919 (2003)
Wu, X.: Lossless Compression of Continuous-Tone Images via Context Selection, quantization, and modeling. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 6(5), 656–664 (1997)
Tian, J.: Reversible Watermarking by Difference Expansion. In: Proceedings of Workshop on Multimedia and Security, December 2002, pp. 19–22. ACM, Juan-les-Pins (2002)
Macq, B.: Lossless Multiresolution Transform for Image Authenticating Watermarking. In: Proceedings of EUSIPCO, Tempere, Finland (September 2000)
Vleeschouwer, C.D., Delaigle, J.F., Macq, B.: Circular Interpretation of Bijective Transformations in Lossless Watermarking for Media Asset Management. IEEE Transaction on Multimedia (March 2003)
Bender, W., Gruhl, D., Morimoto, N., Lu, A.: LU, A.: Techniques for Data Hiding. IBM Systems Journal 35(3-4), 313–336 (1996)
Sayood, K.: Introduction to Data Compression, 2nd edn., pp. 106–114. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2000)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Awrangjeb, M., Kankanhalli, M.S. (2004). Lossless Watermarking Considering the Human Visual System. In: Kalker, T., Cox, I., Ro, Y.M. (eds) Digital Watermarking. IWDW 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2939. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24624-4_47
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24624-4_47
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-21061-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-24624-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive