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Topical Retinoids in Acne Vulgaris

Update on Efficacy and Safety

  • Review Article
  • Topical Retinoids in Acne Vulgaris
  • Published:
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Topical retinoids represent a mainstay of acne treatment because they expel mature comedones, reduce microcomedone formation, and exert anti-inflammatory effects. The first-generation retinoid tretinoin (all-trans retinoic acid) and the synthetic third-generation polyaromatics adapalene and tazarotene are approved for acne treatment by the US FDA, whereas topical tretinoin, isotretinoin (13-cis retinoic acid), and adapalene are accredited in Canada and Europe. Topical retinoids have a favorable safety profile distinct from the toxicity of their systemic counterparts. Local adverse effects, including erythema, dryness, itching, and stinging, occur frequently during the early treatment phase. Their impact varies with the vehicle formation, skin type, frequency and mode of application, use of moisturizers, and environmental factors such as sun exposure or temperature. The broad anti-acne activity and safety profile of topical retinoids justifies their use as first-line treatment in most types of non-inflammatory and inflammatory acne. They are also suitable as long-term medications, with no risk of inducing bacterial resistance, for maintenance of remission after cessation of initial combination therapy.

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Notes

  1. The use of trade names is for product identification purposes only and does not imply endorsement.

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Acknowledgments

No sources of funding were used to assist in the preparation of this review. Harald Gollnick has received honoraria from Galderma, Stiefel, Pierre Fabre, and Schering for participation in satellite symposia. Anja Thielitz has no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this review.

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  1. University Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany

    Anja Thielitz &  Harald Gollnick

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Thielitz, A., Gollnick, H. Topical Retinoids in Acne Vulgaris. Am J Clin Dermatol 9, 369–381 (2008). https://doi.org/10.2165/0128071-200809060-00003

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