Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated gaps in healthcare quality for all medical and surgical specialties including breast surgical care. How to optimally measure and improve quality has generated debate at the local, state, and national level. Attempts to judge medical performance by private companies using non-risk-adjusted administrative databases may not be accurate and may unfairly penalize surgical care. An overview of concepts to measure and improve quality of breast cancer care is presented with specific examples relevant to breast surgeons. Breast surgeons and their professional organizations need to take ownership of quality measure programs because others will surely do so if we do not. Participation in one or more of these programs is beneficial because peer performance comparison allows identification of potential areas for individual or institutional improvement and demonstrates the commitment of breast surgeons to quality improvement. This commitment may gain even greater importance if trends continue toward performance-based physician payment, patient steerage, licensure, and board certification.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kohn LT, Corrigan J, Donaldson MS. Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, Institute of Medicine. To Err is Human. Washington, DC: The National Academy Press, 1999.
Institute of Medicine Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academy Press; 2001.
Hewitt M and Simone JV, editors. National Cancer Policy Board. Institute of Medicine and National Research Council Commission on Life Sciences. Ensuring Quality Cancer Care. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1999.
Malin JL, Schneider EC, Epstein AM, Adams J, Emanuel EJ, Kahn KL. Results of the National Initiative for Cancer Care Quality: how can we improve the quality of cancer care in the United States? J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:626–34.
Punglia RS, Hughes ME, Edge SB, Theriault RL, Bookman MA, Wilson JL, et al. Factors associated with guideline-concordant use of radiotherapy after mastectomy in the NCCN. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;72:1434–20.
Pocock B, Taback B, Klein L, Joseph KA, El-Tamer M. Preoperative needle biopsy as a potential quality measure in breast cancer surgery. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:1108–11.
Olaya W, Wong J, Morgan JW, Truong C, Roy-Chowdhury S, Kazanjian K, et al. Factors associated with variance in compliance with a sentinel lymph node dissection quality measure in early-stage breast cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010 17(3):297–302.
Chen F, Puig M, Yermilov I, Malin J, Schneider EC, Epstein AM, et al. Using breast cancer quality indicators in a vulnerable population. Cancer. 2011;117:3311–21.
Malin JL, Diamant AL, Leake B, Liu Y, Thind A, Kahn KL, et al. Quality of care for breast cancer for uninsured women in California under the breast and cervical cancer prevention treatment act. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:3479–84.
Anderson BO, Carlson RW, Kaufman CS, Kiel KD. Ensuring optimal interdisciplinary breast care in the United States. Breast J. 2009;15:569–70.
Kaufman CS, Anderson BO, Duchesne N, Englander BS, Errico KM, Feig SA, et al. Identifying and addressing interdisciplinary gaps in early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. American Society of Breast Disease website. Nov, 2009. http://www.asbd.org/downloads/Colloquium/Ensuring_Optimal_Interdisciplinary_Breast_Care_-_Early_Detection_&_Diagnosis.pdf.
Greenberg CC, Lipsitz SR, Neville B, In H, Hevelone N, Porter SA, Weeks C, et al. Receipt of appropriate surgical care for medicare beneficiaries with cancer. Arch Surg. 2011 [Epub ahead of print].
Wilke LG, Ballman KV, McCall LM, Giuliano AE, Whitworth PW, Blumencranz PW, et al. Adherence to the National Quality Forum (NQF) breast cancer measures within cancer clinical trials: a review from ACOSOG Z0010. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17:1989–94.
Greenberg CC, Lipsitz SR, Hughes ME, Edge SB, Theriault R, Wilson JL, et al. Institutional Variation in the Surgical Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Study of the NCCN. Ann Surg. 2011;254:339–45.
Breast Cancer Death Rates. (2011). http://www.cancer.org/Research/CancerFactsFigures/CancerFactsFigures/2011-most-requested-tables-and-figures. Accessed 13 July 2011.
Dick AW, Sorbero MS, Ahrendt GM, Hayman JA, Gold HT, Schiffhauer L, et al. Comparative effectiveness of ductal carcinoma in situ management and the roles of margins and surgeons. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011;103:92–104.
About Quality. (2011). http://www.nqmbc.org/about/About.htm. (2011). Accessed 31 May 2011.
Donaldson MS, ed. Measuring the Quality of Health Care. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1998.
Definition of Quality. (2011). http://www.who.int/suggestions/faq/en/index.htm. Accessed 31 May 2011.
Rose C, Stovall E, Ganz PA, Desch C, Hewitt M. Cancer Quality Alliance: Blueprint for a Better Cancer Care System. CA Cancer J Clin. 2008;58:266–92.
Landercasper J, Linebarger J, Ellis R, Mathiason MA, Johnson JM, Marcou KA, et al. A quality review of the timeliness of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment in an integrated breast center. J Am Coll Surg. 2010;210:449–55.
Veerbeek L, van der Geest L, Wouters M, Guicherit O, Does-den Heijer A, Nortier J, et al.. Enhancing the quality of care for patients with breast cancer: Seven years of experience with a Dutch auditing system. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2011;37:714–8.
Mano MP, Ponti A, Tomatis M, Baiocchi D, Barca A, Berti R, et al. Audit system on Quality of breast cancer diagnosis and Treatment (QT): results of quality indicators on screen-detected lesions in Italy, 2007. Epidemiol Prev. 2010;34:81–8.
Malin JL, O’Neill SM, Asch SM, Dy SM, Walling AM, Tisnado D, et al. Quality of supportive care for patients with advanced cancer in a VA medical center. J Palliat Med. 2011;14:573–7.
Gutwein LG, Ang DN, Liu H, Marshall JK, Hochwald SN, Copeland EM, et al. Utilization of minimally invasive breast biopsy for the evaluation of suspicious breast lesions. Am J Surg. 2011;202:127–32.
Hassett MJ, Hughes ME, Niland JC, Ottesen R, Edge SB, Bookman MA, et al. Selecting high priority quality measures for breast cancer quality improvement. Med Care. 2008;46:762–70.
Clarke-Pearson EM, Jacobson AF, Boolbol SK, Leitman IM, Friedmann P, Lavarias V, et al. Quality assurance initiative at one institution for minimally invasive breast biopsy as the initial diagnostic technique. J Am Coll Surg. 2009;208:75–8.
Macintosh EL, et al. SSO Annual Meeting, Poster presentation, March 24, University of Manitoba: San Diego; 2006.
Landercasper J and Tafra L. The relationship between quality and cost during the perioperative breast cancer episode of care. The Breast. 2010;19:289–96.
West JG, Sutherland ML, Hays PA, West JE, Margileth J. Measuring physicians performance and marketing the results: a breast center model. Breast J. 1999;5:141–7.
Winchester DP. The national accreditation program for breast centers: a multidisciplinary approach to improve the quality of care for patients with diseases of the breast. Breast J. 2008;14:409–11.
Moran MS, Goss D, Haffty BG, Kaufman CS, Winchester DP. Quality measures, standards and accreditation for breast centers in the United States. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010;76:1–4.
Kaufman CS, Shockney L, Rabinowitz B, Coleman C, Beard C, Landercasper J, et al. Quality Initiative Committee. National Quality Measures for Breast Centers (NQMBC): a robust quality tool: breast center quality measures. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17:377–85.
Kaufman CS. Validating quality breast care: three new validation programs for 2007. Am J Surg. 2007;194:515–7.
Kaufman CS. National quality validation programs for breast centers. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2007;7:1357–62.
Landercasper J, Dietrich LL, Johnson JM. A breast center review of compliance with National Comprehensive Cancer Network Breast Cancer guidelines. Am J Surg. 2006;192:525–7.
Landercasper J, Ellis RL, Mathiason MA, Marcou KA, Jago GS, Dietrich LL, et al. A community breast center report card determined by participation in the national quality measures for breast centers program. Breast J. 2010;16:472–80.
Schachter HM, Mamaladze V, Lewin G, Graham ID, Brouwers M, Sampson M, et al. Many quality measurements, but few quality measures assessing the quality of breast cancer care in women: a systematic review. BMC Cancer. 2006;6:291.
Donabedian A. Evaluating the quality of medical care. 1966. Milbank Q. 2005;83:691–729.
McCahill LE, Privette A, James T, Sheehey-Jones J, Ratliff J, Majercik D, et al. Quality measures for breast cancer surgery: Initial validation of feasibility and assessment of variation among surgeons. Arch Surg. 2009;144:455–62.
El-Tamer M. Surgical options as quality of care indicators in breast cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2009;99:393–4.
Neumayer L, Schifftner TL, Henderson WG, Khuri SF, El-Tamer M. Breast cancer surgery in Veterans Affairs and selected university medical centers: results of the patient safety in surgery study. J Am Coll Surg. 2007;204:1235–41.
El-Tamer MB, Ward BM, Schifftner T, Neumayer L, Khuri S, Henderson W. Morbidity and mortality following breast cancer surgery in women: national benchmarks for standards of care. Ann Surg. 2007;245:665–71.
Measuring Healthcare Quality. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. (2011). http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/measurix.htm. Accessed 31 May 2011.
Measuring Performance. (2011). http://www.qualityforum.org/Measuring_Performance/Measuring_Performance.aspx. Accessed 30 May 2011.
American Society of Breast Surgeons Mastery Program. (2011). http://www.breastsurgeons.org/mastery/index.php. Accessed 31 May 2011.
National Quality Measures for Breast Centers. (2011). www.nqmbc.org/default.htm. Accessed 30 May 2011.
National Accreditation Program for Breast Centers. (2011). http://www.accreditedbreastcenters.org/. Accessed 30 May 2011.
Physicians Quality Reporting System. (2011). http://www.cms.gov/PQRS/. Accessed 30 May 2011.
Society of Thoracic Surgeons Quality Program. (2011). http://www.sts.org/node/307. Accessed 30 May 2011.
Brucker SY, Schumacher C, Sohn C, Rezai M, Bamberg M, Wallwiener D, et al.(2008) Benchmarking the quality of breast cancer care in a nationwide voluntary system: the first five-year results (2003–2007) from Germany as a proof of concept. BMC Cancer 8: 358.
Hall BL, Hamilton BH, Richards K, Bilimoria KY, Cohen ME, Ko CY. Does surgical quality improve in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program: an evaluation of all participating hospitals. Ann Surg. 2009;250:363–76.
NQF Evaluation of Measures. (2011). http://www.qualityforum.org/Measuring_Performance/Submitting_Standards.aspx. Accessed 13 July 2011.
Bilimoria KY, Raval MV, Bentrem DJ, Wayne JD, Balch CM, Ko CY. National assessment of melanoma care using formally developed quality indicators. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:5445–51.
Whitacre E. The importance of measuring the measures. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:1090–1.
Osborne NH, Ko CY, Upchurch GR Jr, Dimick JB. The impact of adjusting for reliability on hospital quality rankings in vascular surgery. J Vasc Surg. 2011;53:1–5.
Raval MV, Cohen ME, Ingraham AM, et al. Improving American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program risk adjustment: incorporation of a novel procedure risk score. J Am Coll Surg. 2010;211:715–23.
Dimick JB, Osborne NH, Hall BL, Ko CY, Birkmeyer JD. Risk adjustment for comparing hospital quality with surgery: how many variables are needed? J Am Coll Surg. 2010;210:503–8.
Ingraham AM, Cohen ME, Bilimoria KY, Dimick JB, Richards KE, Raval MV, et al. Association of surgical care improvement project infection-related process measure compliance with risk-adjusted outcomes: implications for quality measurement. J Am Coll Surg. 2010;211:705–14.
National Quality Measures for Breast Centers for Surgeons. Available: www.nqmbc-surgeon.org. Accessed 10 August 2011.
Osborne NH, Ghaferi AA, Nicholas LH, Dimick JB, Mph M. Evaluating popular media and internet-based hospital quality ratings for cancer surgery. Arch Surg. 2011;146:600–4.
Osborne NH, Nicholas LH, Ghaferi AA, Upchurch GR Jr, Dimick JB. Do popular media and internet-based hospital quality ratings identify hospitals with better cardiovascular surgery outcomes? J Am Coll Surg. 2010;210:87–92.
Rothberg MB, Morsi E, Benjamin EM, Pekow PS, Lindenauer PK. Choosing the best hospital: the limitations of public quality reporting. Health Aff (Millwood). 2008;27:1680–7.
Smith TJ, Landercasper J, Gundrum JD, De Maiffe BM, Andersen JJ, Johnson JM, et al. Perioperative quality metrics for one step breast cancer surgery: a patient-centered approach. J Surg Oncol. 2010;102:34–8.
Acknowledgment
The authors thank Brooke De Maiffe and Kara Kallies for their assistance in manuscript preparation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kaufman, C.S., Landercasper, J. Can We Measure the Quality of Breast Surgical Care?. Ann Surg Oncol 18, 3053–3060 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-1998-3
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-1998-3