Abstract.
The beam energy dependence of \(v_{4}\) (the quadrupole moment of the transverse radial flow) is sensitive to the nuclear equation of state (EoS) in mid-central Au + Au collisions at the energy range of \( 3 < \sqrt{s_{NN}} < 30\) GeV, which is investigated within the hadronic transport model JAM. Different equations of state, namely, a free hadron gas, a first-order phase transition and a crossover are compared. An enhancement of \(v_{4}\) at \(\sqrt{s_{NN}} \approx 6\) GeV is predicted for an EoS with a first-order phase transition. This enhanced \(v_{4}\) flow is driven by both the enhancement of \(v_{2}\) as well as the positive contribution to \(v_{4}\) from the squeeze-out of spectator particles which turn into participants due to the admixture of the strong collective flow in the shocked, compressed nuclear matter.
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Nara, Y., Steinheimer, J. & Stoecker, H. The enhancement of v4 in nuclear collisions at the highest densities signals a first-order phase transition. Eur. Phys. J. A 54, 188 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2018-12626-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2018-12626-y