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Instability of water jet: Aerodynamically induced acoustic and capillary waves

  • Nonlinear Acoustics
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Abstract

High-speed water jet cutting has important industrial applications. To further improve the cutting performance it is critical to understand the theory behind the onset of instability of the jet. In this paper, instability of a water jet flowing out from a nozzle into ambient air is studied. Capillary forces and compressibility of the liquid caused by gas bubbles are taken into account, since these factors have shown to be important in previous experimental studies. A new dispersion equation, generalizing the analogous Rayleigh equation, is derived. It is shown how instability develops because of aerodynamic forces that appear at the streamlining of an initial irregularity of the equilibrium shape of the cross-section of the jet and how instability increases with increased concentration of gas bubbles. It is also shown how resonance phenomena are responsible for strong instability. On the basis of the theoretical explanations given, conditions for stable operation are indicated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, SE-37179, Sweden

    Göran I. Broman & Oleg V. Rudenko

  2. Department of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    Oleg V. Rudenko

  3. Schmidt Earth Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    Oleg V. Rudenko

  4. Prokhorov General Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciencess, Moscow, Russia

    Oleg V. Rudenko

Authors
  1. Göran I. Broman
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  2. Oleg V. Rudenko
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Correspondence to Göran I. Broman.

Additional information

Published in Russian in Akusticheskii Zhurnal, 2012, Vol. 58, No. 5, pp. 587–591.

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Broman, G.I., Rudenko, O.V. Instability of water jet: Aerodynamically induced acoustic and capillary waves. Acoust. Phys. 58, 537–541 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063771012050053

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063771012050053

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