Abstract
The paper presents detailed geochemical data on the rocks of the Zashikhinsky Massif and mineralogical–geochemical characteristics of the ores of the eponymous deposit. The rare-metal granites are divided into three facies varieties on the basis of the degree of differentiation and ore potential: early facies represented by microcline–albite granites with arfvedsonite, middle facies represented by leucocratic albite–microcline granites, and late (most ore-bearing) facies represented by quartz–albite granites grading into albitites. Microprobe data were obtained on major minerals accumulating trace elements in the rocks and ores. All facies of the rare-metal granites, including the rocks of the fluorite–rare-metal vein, define single compositional trends in the plots of paired correlations of rock-forming and trace elements. In addition, they also show similar REE patterns and spidergrams. The latter, however, differ in the depth of anomalies of some elements. Obtained geological, petrographic, and geochemical data suggest a magmatic genesis of the rocks of different composition and their derivation from a single magma during its differentiation. On the basis of all characteristics, the Zashikhinskoe deposit is estimated as one of the largest tantalum rare-metal deposits of alkaline-granite type in Russia.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alymova, N.V., Rare-metal granites of the Zashikhinsky Massif, Irkutsk district, in Nauki o Zemle (Earth Sciences), Irkutsk: Irkutsk. Gos. Univ. Putei Soobshch., 2015, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 9–12.
Apel’tsin, F.R., Skorobogatova, N.V., and Yakushin, L.N., Geneticheskie cherty redkometal’nykh granitoidov Polyarnogo Urala (Genetic Features of Rare-Metal Granitoids of the Polar Urals), Moscow: Nedra, 1967.
Arkhangel’skaya, V.V. and Shuriga, T.N., Geological features, zoning, and mineralization of the Zashikhinsky tantalum–niobium deposit, Otechestvennaya Geol., 1997, no. 5, pp. 7–10.
Arkhangel’skaya, V.V., Bykhovskii, L.Z., and Poziruk, L.K., Katuginsky Ta–Nb–Zr–Y–TR deposit as an object of possible investments, in Krupnye i unikal’nye mestorozhdeniya redkikh i blagorodnykh metallov (Large and Ultra-Large Deposits of Rare and Noble Metals), 1998, pp. 94–100.
Arkhangel’skaya, V.V., Ryabtsev, V.V., and Shuriga, T.N., Geological structure and mineralogy of the tantalum deposits of Russia, Mineral. Syr’e, 2012, no. 25, p. 318.
Beus, A.A., Severov, V.A., Sitnin, A.A., and Subbotin, K.D., Al’bitizirovannye i greizenizirovannye granity (apogranity) (Albitized and Greisenized Granites), Moscow: AN SSSR, 1967.
Kostitsyn, Yu.A. and Altukhov, E.N., The Khailama and Aryskan massifs of alkali granitoids, Eastern Sayan: age and formation conditions by Rb–Sr isotopic and geochemical data, Geochem. Int., 2004, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 195–204.
Kostitsyn, Yu.A., Altukhov, E.N., and Filina, N.P., Rb-Sr isochron dating of alkaline granites of northeastern Tuva, Geol. Geofiz., 1998, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 917–923.
Kotov, A.B., Vladykin, N.V., Larin, A.M., et al., New data on the age of ore formation in the unique Katugin raremetal deposit (Aldan Shield), Dokl. Earth Sci., 2015, vol. 463, no. 2, pp. 663–667.
Kovalenko, V.I., Petrologiya i geokhimiya redkometal’nyikh granitov (Petrology and Geochemistry of Rare-Metal Granites), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1977.
Kovalenko, V.I. and Kovalenko, N.I., Ongonity–subvulkanicheskie analogi redkometal’nykh Li-F granitov (Ongonites–Subvolcanic Analogues of Rare-Metal Li–F Granites), Moscow: Nauka, 1976.
Kovalenko, V.I., Kuzmin, M.I., Vladykin, N.V., and Tseden, Ts., Lithium–fluorine quartz keratophyres (ongonite)–new variety of subvolcanic magmatic rocks, in Ezhegodnik, 1969 (Yearbook-1969), Irkutsk: Sibirsk. Inst. Geokhim., 1970, pp. 85–88.
Kovalenko, V.I., Kuzmin, M.I., Pavlenko, A.S., and Perfil’ev, A.S., South Gobi belt of rare-metal alkaline rocks of Mongolia and its structural position, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1973, vol. 210, no. 4, pp. 911–914.
Kovalenko, V.I., Vladykin, N.V., Lapides, I.L., and Goreglyad, A.V., Shchelochnye amfiboly redkometal’nykh granitov (Alkali Amphiboles of Rare-Metal Granites), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1978.
Kovalenko, V.I., Yarmolyuk, V.V., Kovach, V.P., et al., The Khaldzan–Buregtei Massif of peralkaline rare-metal igneous rocks: structure, geochronology, and geodynamic setting in the Caledonides of Western Mongolia, Petrology, 2004, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 412–436.
Kudrin, V.S. and Shuriga, T.N., Spetsifika mineral’nogo sostava krupnykh redkometal’nykh mestorozhdenii v plutogennykh shchelochnykh kvarts-al’bit-mikroklinovykh metasomatitakh, in Krupnye i unikal’nye mestorozhdeniya redkikh i blagorodnykh metallov. Sb. nauchnykh statei (Specifics of the Mineral Composition of Large Rare-Metal Deposits in the Plutonogenic Alkaline Quartz–Albite–Microcline Metasomatites. A Collection of Papers), St. Petersburg, 1998, pp. 110–112.
Larin, A.M., Kotov, A.B., Vladykin, N.V., et al., Rare metal granites of the Katugin Complex (Aldan Shield): sources and geodynamic formation settings, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2015, vol. 464, no. 1, pp. 889–893.
Mashkovtsev, G.A., Bykhovskii, L.Z., Rogozhin, A.A., and Temnov, A.V., Prospects of rational development of complex niobium–tantalum–rare-metal deposits of Russia, Razved. Okhr. Nedr, 2011, no. 6, pp. 9–13.
Naumov, V.B., Kovalenko, V.I., Kuzmin, M.I., and Vladykin, N.V., Thermometric studies of inclusions in topaz from ongonites, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1971, vol. 199, no. 3, pp. 681–683.
Pavlenko, A.S., Syao Chzhun Yan, and Morozov, L.N., Comparative geochemical characteristics of granitoids with accessory tantaloniobates, Geokhimiya, 1960, no. 2, pp. 104–120.
Sinclair, W.D., Jambor, J.L., and Birkett, T.C., Rare earths and potential for rare earth deposits in Canada, Explor. Mining Geol., 1992, vol. 1, pp. 265–281.
Tolmacheva, E.V., Kotov, A.B., Sklyarov, E.V., et al., Conditions of formation of rare-metal alkaline granites of the Katuginsky Massif (Aldan Shield): study of inclusions of mineral-forming environments, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2016 (in press).
Vladykin, N.V., Mineralogo-geokhimicheskie osobennosti redkometal’nykh granitoidov Mongolii, (Mineralogical and Geochemical Features of the Rare-Metal Granites of Mongolia), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1983.
Vladykin, N.V., Geochemistry and genesis of the Katuginsky complex of rare-metal alkaline granites, in Ore Potential of Alkaline, Kimberlite and Carbonatite Magmatism. Abstracts Book, Ankara, 2014.
Vladykin, N.V., Kovalenko, V.I., and Dorfman, M.D., Mineralogicheskie i geokhimicheskie osobennosti Khan-Bogdinskogo massiva shchelochnykh granitov (Mineralogical and Geochemical Features of the Khan-Bogdo Alkaline Granitic Massif), Moscow: Nauka, 1981.
Yarmolyuk, V.V. and Kovalenko, V.I., Riftogennyi magmatizm aktivnykh kontinental’nykh okrain i ego rudonosnost’ (Riftogenic Magmatism of Continental Margins and its Ore Potential), Moscow: Nauka, 1991.
Yarmolyuk, V.V. and Kuzmin, M.I., Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic rare-metal magmatism of Central Asia: stages, provinces, and formation settings, Geol. Ore Deposits, 2012a, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 313–333.
Yarmolyuk, V.V., Kovalenko, V.I., Kovach, V.P., et al., Isotopic composition, sources of crustal magmatism, and crustal structure of Caledonides of the Ozernaya Zone, Central Asian Foldbelt, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2002, vol. 387A, no. 9, pp. 1043–1047.
Yarmolyuk, V.V., Kovach, V.P., Kovalenko, V.I., et al., Isotopic composition of the Hercynian crust of Southern Mongolia: substantiation of the Hercynian juvenile crustforming event, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2007, vol. 417, no. 8, pp. 1178–1182.
Yarmolyuk, V.V., Nikiforov, A.V., Sal’nikova, E.B., et al., Rare-metal granitoids of the Ulug-Tanzek Deposit (eastern Tyva): age and tectonic setting, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2010, vol. 430, no. 1, pp. 95–100.
Yarmolyuk, V.V., Lykhin, D.A., Shuriga, T.N., et al., Age,composition of rocks, and geological setting of the Snezhnoe beryllium deposit: substantiation of the Late Paleozoic East Sayan rare-metal zone, Russia, Geol. Ore Deposits, 2011, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 436–447.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © N.V. Vladykin, N.V. Alymova, V.V. Perfil’ev, 2016, published in Petrologiya, 2016, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 554–568.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vladykin, N.V., Alymova, N.V. & Perfil’ev, V.V. Geochemical features of rare-metal granites of the Zashikhinsky Massif, East Sayan. Petrology 24, 512–525 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869591116050052
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869591116050052