Abstract
We examined the hypothesis that the dopamine D3 receptor gene (DRD3) is a susceptibility factor for cocaine dependence. The MscI/BalI polymorphism of the DRD3 gene was examined in 47 Caucasian subjects with cocaine dependence and 305 Caucasian controls. Based on prior studies with a range of psychiatric disorders we hypothesized there would be a decrease in the frequency of the 12 genotype in the patient sample (increased homozygosity). We observed a significant decrease in the frequency of 12 heterozygotes in subjects with cocaine dependence (29.8%) vs controls (46.9%) (P ≤ 0.028). This percentage was still lower in those who had chronically used cocaine for more than 10 years (25%), or more than 15 years (21.5%). The DRD3 gene accounted for 1.64% of the variance of cocaine dependence. The DRD2 gene had an independent and additive effect on cocaine dependence. These findings support a modest role of the DRD3 gene in susceptibility to cocaine dependence.
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Comings, D., Gonzalez, N., Wu, S. et al. Homozygosity at the dopamine DRD3 receptor gene in cocaine dependence. Mol Psychiatry 4, 484–487 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4000542
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4000542
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