CD6⁺ T cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Abstract

For patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) undergoing blood or bone marrow transplantation (BMT), the use of autologous grafts has often been preferred to that of allogeneic stem cells because of a significantly lower incidence of non-relapse mortality. If complications associated with allo-BMT could be minimized without compromising efficacy, then it might become a preferred strategy for certain subsets of patients. In this report, we describe the toxicity and long-term efficacy of T cell-depleted allogeneic BMT using anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody and complement alone to reduce the risk of GVHD and its sequelae. Twenty-two patients, aged 18–60 years, with high (n = 10), intermediate (n = 9), or low (n = 3) grade NHL underwent HLA-identical allogeneic BMT from siblings. Patients had either relapsed after at least one remission or never achieved a full remission with chemotherapy. Twenty patients had a history of marrow involvement. Bone marrow was depleted of CD6⁺ T cells with T12 monoclonal antibody and complement as the sole form of GVHD prophylaxis. Stable hematopoietic engraftment occurred in all 22 patients. Four patients developed grade 2 and 1 patient grade 3 GVHD (23% grades 2–4 GVHD). Chronic GVHD has occurred in three patients. Treatment-related mortality was very low. Only one patient died while in remission. Thirteen patients are alive and free of disease with a median follow-up of 30 months. Estimated event-free and overall survivals are 54 and 59%, respectively. CD6 allogeneic marrow transplantation is associated with a low risk of transplant-related complications and may offer advantages for certain patients with recurrent NHL felt to be at high risk for relapse after autologous transplantation.