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Free-electron lasers

Fully coherent soft X-rays at FERMI

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The Italian free-electron laser, FERMI, now generates coherent soft X-rays in the water window (2.3–4.4 nm) by two-stage frequency upconversion of ultraviolet seed laser pulses using the 'fresh bunch' technique.

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Figure 1: Scheme for a single-stage HGHG.
Figure 2

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Toru Hara is at RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan,

    Toru Hara

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  1. Toru Hara
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Correspondence to Toru Hara.

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Hara, T. Fully coherent soft X-rays at FERMI. Nature Photon 7, 852–854 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2013.279

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