Abstract
The mammalian brain maintains few developmental niches where neurogenesis persists into adulthood. One niche is located in the olfactory system where the olfactory bulb continuously receives functional interneurons. In vivo two-photon microscopy of lentivirus-labeled newborn neurons was used to directly image their development and maintenance in the olfactory bulb. Time-lapse imaging of newborn neurons over several days showed that dendritic formation is highly dynamic with distinct differences between spiny neurons and non-spiny neurons. Once incorporated into the network, adult-born neurons maintain significant levels of structural dynamics. This structural plasticity is local, cumulative and sustained in neurons several months after their integration. Thus, I provide a new experimental system for directly studying the pool of regenerating neurons in the intact mammalian brain and suggest that regenerating neurons form a cellular substrate for continuous wiring plasticity in the olfactory bulb.
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Acknowledgements
I thank Y. Finelt for technical help and P. Mombaerts for the M71-GFP mice. I thank I. Segev, Y. Yarom, S. Wagner, I. Davison and members of my lab for critically reading early versions of the manuscript. Special thanks to S. Wagner for the intracellular labeling of PGNs. A.M. is supported by a Career Development Award from the International Human Frontier Science Program Organization and by ISF grant # 313–05.
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Supplementary information
Supplementary Fig. 1
GFP expressing cells in the OB are neurons, not glia. (PDF 922 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 2
Comparison of labeling patterns of GFP and BrdU. (PDF 1117 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 3
PGN arrival to the glomerular layer decreases with increasing durations after virus injection. (PDF 698 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 4
Morphology of randomly selected PGNs. (PDF 225 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 5
In vivo imaging of adult born PGNs 45 days apart. (PDF 637 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 6
Examples of adult-born PGNs during early development. (PDF 215 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 7
Comparison between in vivo and fixed tissue. (PDF 187 kb)
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Mizrahi, A. Dendritic development and plasticity of adult-born neurons in the mouse olfactory bulb. Nat Neurosci 10, 444–452 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1875
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1875
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