Animals originated in a world with marine oxygen levels only a fraction of those found in today's oceans. Observations of microbial habitats in present-day lagoons suggest that early animals could have found refuge in oxygen-producing mats.
References
Bottjer, D. J., Hagadorn, J. W. & Dornbos, S. Q. GSA Today 10, 2–7 (2000).
Gingras, M. et al. Nature Geosci. 4, 372–375 (2011).
Liu, A. G., McIlroy, D. & Brasier, M. D. Geology 38, 123–126 (2011).
Shields-Zhou, G. & Och, L. GSA Today 21, 4–11 (2011).
Revsbech, N. P., Jørgensen, B. B. & Blackburn, T. H. Limnol. Oceanogr. 28, 1062–1074 (1983).
Bailey, J. V., Corsetti, F. A. B. D. J. & Marenco, K. N. Palaios 21, 215–226 (2006).
Hagadorn, J. W. & Bottjer, D. J. Geology 25, 1047–1050 (1997).
Misra, S. B. J. Geol. Soc. India 22, 375–382 (1981).
Reid, J. L. Prog. Oceanogr. 39, 263–352 (1997).
Stramma, L., Schmidtko, S., Levin, L. A. & Johnson, G. C. Deep-Sea Res. I 210, 587–595 (2010).
McFadden, K. A. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105, 3197–3202 (2008).
Levin, L. A., Rathburn, A. E., Gutiérrez, D., Muñoz, P. & Shankle, A. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 199, 129–140 (2003).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bailey, J. Breathing room for early animals. Nature Geosci 4, 354–355 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1170
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1170
- Springer Nature Limited