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Preventive health care in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease

  • Review Article
  • Published:

From Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology

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Abstract

The complex care that must be provided for patients with renal disease might interfere with provision of basic preventive measures in this population. Preventive health care, including infection screening and prophylaxis, vaccinations, management of blood glucose and lipid levels, and cancer screening, is important, as it might decrease acute morbidity and mortality. This Review highlights useful preventive and health maintenance strategies for patients with chronic kidney disease and those with end-stage renal disease.

Key Points

  • People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) should be vaccinated against influenza, pneumococcal disease and hepatitis B; those at risk of hepatitis A infection should also be immunized against that virus

  • Patients with CKD or ESRD should be screened annually for tuberculosis

  • Monitoring of fasting lipid levels and maintenance of LDL cholesterol levels below 2.6 mmol/l (100 mg/dl) should be standard practice for patients with CKD; target LDL is less than 1.8 mmol/l (70 mg/dl) for patients with CKD and diabetes mellitus

  • The target glycated hemoglobin level for patients with CKD or ESRD is 7.0% or less

  • Screening of people with CKD or ESRD for malignancy should encompass renal cell carcinoma, as well as cancer of the prostate, colon and/or rectum, breasts and cervix

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Acknowledgements

Charles P Vega, University of California, Irvine, CA, is the author of and is solely responsible for the content of the learning objectives, questions and answers of the Medscape-accredited continuing medical education activity associated with this article.

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  1. and C Luna-Salazar is a Renal Fellow in the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, D Choudhury is Associate Professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas, and Director of Dialysis at VA North Texas Health Care Systems, Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center, at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas, TX, USA.,

    Devasmita Choudhury & Cynthia Luna-Salazar

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Correspondence to Devasmita Choudhury.

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Choudhury, D., Luna-Salazar, C. Preventive health care in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 4, 194–206 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncpneph0762

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