Calcium is an essential component of the catalyst that forms oxygen from water during photosynthesis. It seems that part of calcium's job is to enable the release of oxygen from this catalyst.
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Lionetti, D., Agapie, T. How calcium affects oxygen formation. Nature 513, 495–496 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13753
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13753
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