Einstein's theory of general relativity has been tested — and confirmed — on scales far beyond those of our Solar System. But the results don't exclude all alternative theories of gravity.
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Tyson, J. Gravity tested on cosmic scales. Nature 464, 172–173 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/464172a
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/464172a
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