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Complex systems

Cooperative network dynamics

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Nested, or hierarchically arranged, mutualisms allow ecosystems to support more species than they otherwise would. But in this and other contexts, the growth of such networks could carry a heavy price.

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Figure 1: Nested mutualism reduces competition.
Figure 2: Minimal assembly rules can explain structure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. George Sugihara and Hao Ye are at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0202, USA. gsugihara@ucsd.edu ,

    George Sugihara & Hao Ye

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  1. George Sugihara
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  2. Hao Ye
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Sugihara, G., Ye, H. Cooperative network dynamics. Nature 458, 979–980 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/458979a

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