Economists and ecologists have Joined forces to estimate the annual value of the services that Earth's ecosystems provide. Most services lie outside the market and are hard to calculate, yet minimum estimates equal or exceed global gross national product.
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Pimm, S. The value of everything. Nature 387, 231–232 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1038/387231a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/387231a0
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