Abstract
THE KNOTTED class of plant genes encodes homeodomain proteins1,2. These genes have been found in all plant species where they have been sought3–5 and, where examined, show expression patterns that suggest they play an important role in shoot meristem function5–7. Until now, all mutant phenotypes associated with these genes have been due to gain-of-function mutations4,5,8,9, making it difficult to deduce their wild-type function. Here we present evidence that the Arabidopsis SHOOT-MERISTEMLESS (STM) gene, required for shoot apical meristem formation during embryogenesis, encodes a class I KNOTTED-like protein. We also describe the expression pattern of this gene in the wild-type plant. To our knowledge, STM is the first gene shown to mark a specific pattern element in the developing plant embryo both phenotypically and molecularly.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Vollbrecht, E., Veit, B., Sinha, N. & Hake, S. Nature 350, 241–243 (1991).
Kerstetter, R. et al. Pl. Cell 6, 1877–1887 (1994).
Ma, H., McMullen, M. D. & Finer, J. J. Pl. molec. Biol. 24, 465–473 (1994).
Muller, K. J., Romano, N. & Rohde, W. Nature 374, 727 (1995).
Lincoln, C., Long, J., Yamaguchi, J., Serikawa, K. & Hake, S. Pl. Cell 6, 1859–1876 (1994).
Smith, L. G., Greene, B., Veit, B. & Hake, S. Development 116, 21–30 (1992).
Jackson, D., Veit, B. & Hake, S. Development 120, 405–413 (1994).
Freeling, M. & Hake, S. Genetics 111, 617–634 (1985).
Becraft, P. W. & Freeling, M. Genetics 136, 295–311 (1994).
Barton, M. K. & Poethig, R. S. Development 119, 823–831 (1993).
Sinha, N. R., Williams, R. E. & Hake, S. Genes Dev. 7, 878–795 (1993).
Mitchell, P. J., Urlaub, G. & Chasin, L. Molec. cell. Biol. 6, 1926–1935 (1986).
Kuiper, M. T. R., Holtrop, M., Vennema, H., Lambowitz, A. M. & deVries, H. J. biol. Chem. 263, 2848–2852 (1988).
Aroian, R. V. et al. Molec. cell, Biol. 13, 626–637 (1993).
Mansfield, S. G. & Briarty, L. G. Can. J. Bot. 69, 447–476 (1991).
Jürgens, G. Cell 81, 467–470 (1995).
McConnell, J. & Barton, M. K. Devl Gen. 16, 358–366 (1995).
Jürgens, G. & Mayer, U. in EMBRYOS Color Atlas of Development (ed. Bard, J.) 7–22 (Wolfe, London, 1994).
Burke, T., Callis, J. & Vierstra, R. D. Molec. gen. Genet. 213, 435–443 (1988).
Arabidopsis: An Atlas or Morphology and Development (ed. Bowman, J.) 133–172 (Springer, New York, 1994).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Long , J., Moan, E., Medford, J. et al. A member of the KNOTTED class of homeodomain proteins encoded by the STM gene of Arabidopsis. Nature 379, 66–69 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1038/379066a0
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/379066a0
- Springer Nature Limited
This article is cited by
-
Transcriptome analysis of the transition from primary to secondary growth of vertical stem in Eucalyptus grandis
BMC Plant Biology (2024)
-
Expression analyses of CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON and SHOOT MERISTEMLESS in the one-leaf plant Monophyllaea glabra reveal neoteny evolution of shoot meristem
Scientific Reports (2024)
-
Rewiring of a KNOXI regulatory network mediated by UFO underlies the compound leaf development in Medicago truncatula
Nature Communications (2024)
-
Decoding the leaf apical meristem of Guarea glabra Vahl (Meliaceae): insight into the evolution of indeterminate pinnate leaves
Scientific Reports (2024)
-
A rapid and sensitive, multiplex, whole mount RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry protocol
Plant Methods (2023)