The simple aggregation of pluripotent ES ßcells with morulae-stage embryos can result in viable chimaeras at a similar frequency to that of blastocyst injection. The savings in time and equipment inherent in the aggregation techniques, however, make this approach well worth considering.
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Wood, S., Allen, N., Rossant, J. et al. Non-injection methods for the production of embryonic stem cell-embryo chimaeras. Nature 365, 87–89 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1038/365087a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/365087a0
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