Tests for human carcinogens using lifetime rodent bioassays are expensive, time-consuming and give uncertain results. For most chemicals such tests are not cost-effective.
References
IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans: Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs 1 to 42 Suppl. 7 (International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 1987).
Gold, L.S. et al. Environ. Hlth Perspect. 58, 9–319 (1984).
Gold, L.S. et al. Environ. Hlth Perspect. 67, 161–200 (1986).
Clayson, D.B. Mut. Res. 185, 243–269 (1987).
Ames, B.N., Magaw, R. & Gold, L.S. Science 236, 271–280 (1987).
Lave, L.B., Omenn, G.S., Helferman, K.D. & Dranoff, G. J. Am. Coll. Tox. 2, 125–130 (1983).
Lave, L.B. & Omenn, G.S. Nature 324, 29–34 (1986).
Lave, L.B. & Omenn, G.S. J. Am. Coll. Tox. 7(5), 565–574 (1988).
Omenn, G.S. & Lave, L.B. Mut. Res. 205, 41–49 (1988).
Zeiger, E. Cancer Res. 47, 1287–1296 (1987).
Tennant, R.W. et al. Science 236, 933–941 (1987).
Ashby, J. & Tennant, R.W. Mutagen. Res. 204, 17–115 (1987).
Hart, R.W. & Fishbein, L. in Toxicological Risk Assessment Vol. I: Biological and Statistical Criteria (eds Clayson, D.B., Krewski D. & Munro I), 3–40 (CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1985).
Ennever, F.K., Noonan, T.J. & Rosenkranz, H.S. Mutagenesis 2, 73–78 (1987).
Huff, J.E., McConnell, E.E & Haseman, J.K. Environ. Mutagen. 7, 427 (1985).
Rosenkranz, H.S. Environ. Mutagen. 7, 428 (1985).
Matsushima, T. Chemical Safetv Evaluation in Japan 175–178 (1987).
Chemical and Engineering Kews 24, 8 June (1987).
National Research Council Saccharin: Technical Assessment of Risks and Benefits (National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1978).
National Research Council Evaluation of Cyclamate for Carcinogenicity (National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1985).
Lave, L.B. The Strategy of Social Regulation 39–41 (Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, 1981).
Mendeloff, J.M. The Dilemma of Toxic Substance Regulation 21–52 (MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1988).
US National Cancer Institute Cancer Goals for 2000, (Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, 1987).
Chankong, V., Haimes, Y.Y., Rosenkranz, H.S. & Pet-Edwards, J. Mut. Res. 153, 135–166 (1985).
Ennever, F.K. & Rosenkranz, H.S. Mutagenesis 1, 293–298 (1986).
Rosenkranz, H.S., Klopman, G., Chankong, V., Pet-Edwards, J. & Haimes, Y.Y. Environ. Mutagen. 6, 231–258 (1984).
Weisburger, J.H. & Williams, G.M. Science 214, 401–404 (1981).
Frierson, M., Klopman, G. & Rosenkranz, H.S. Environ. Mutagen. 8, 283–327 (1986).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lave, L., Ennever, F., Rosenkranz, H. et al. Information value of the rodent bioassay. Nature 336, 631–633 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1038/336631a0
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/336631a0
- Springer Nature Limited