Abstract
WE wish to suggest that a nearby supernova explosion might produce climatic effects so drastic as to cause the extinction of many animals, including the dinosaurs. Earlier discussions of this topic1,2 focused on the radiation doses to be expected as a result of the interaction of high-energy cosmic rays and γ-rays with the atmosphere. Reasonable estimates of the parameters involved implied doses which may account for some of the patterns of mass extinction observed in the geological record.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Terry, K. D., and Tucker, W. H., Science, 159, 421 (1968).
Terry, K. D., Science, 160, 1138 (1968).
Gordon, C., Mem. Soc. Roy. Sci., No. 15 (1970).
Tucker, W., Astrophys. J., 161, 1161 (1970).
Allen, C. W., Astrophysical Quantities, second ed. 173 (Athlone Press, University of London, 1962).
London, J., Trans. NY Acad. Sci., 19, 138 (1956).
Craig, R., J. Meteorol., 9, 126 (1952); Shapiro, R., J. Meteorol., 15, 435 (1958); Shapiro, R., J. Meteorol., 16, 569 (1959).
Monin, A., Sov. Phys. Uspekhi, 11, 746 (1969).
Willett, H., Ann. NY Acad. Sci., 95, 89 (1961).
Gold, T., Semaine d' Etude sur le Problème du Rayonnement cosmique dans l'Espace Interplanétaire, 159 (1963).
Simpson, G. G., Science, 162, 140 (1968).
Davitashvily, L. S., The Causes of the Extinction of Organisms (in Russian, Nauka, Moscow, 1969).
Newell, N. D., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 118, 63 (1966).
Cutbill, J. L., and Funnell, B. M., Symp. Geol. Soc., London, 791 (1967).
Bramlette, M. N., and Martini, E., Micropaleontology, 10, 291 (1964).
Loeblich, jun., A. R., and Tappan, H., J. Palaeontol., 31, 1109 (1957); Pozaryska, K., Palaeontol. Polonica, 14 (1965).
Hancock, J. M., Symp. Geol. Soc., London, 91 (1967).
Jeletzky, J. A., J. Paleontol., 36, 1005 (1962).
Berggren, W. A., Stockholm Contrib. Geol., 11, 103 (1964); Cita, M. B., Intern. Sedimentol. Petrog. Ser., 8 (1965).
Newell, N. D., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 118, 74 (1966).
Bandy, O. L., Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. Spec., 4, 1 (1960); Cys, J. M., J. Paleontol., 41, 266 (1967); Hall, J. W., and Norton, N. J., Palaeogeographic Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 3, 121 (1967); Hay, W. W., Rep. Twenty-first Geol. Cong., 5, 70 (1960); Mabesoone, J. M., Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 4, 161 (1968).
Lowenstam, H. A., and Epstein, S., J. Geol., 62, 246 (1954).
Nagappa, Y., Rep. Twenty-first Intern. Geol. Cong., 5, 47 (1960).
Tappan, H., Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 4, 187 (1968).
Stride, A. H., Quart. J. Geol. Soc., London, 119, 175 (1963); Murray, J. W., J. Palaeontol., 39, 156 (1964).
Russell, D. A., Nat. Mus. Canada Nat. Hist. Papers, 36 (1967); Lull, R. S., Mem. Peabody Mus. Nat. Hist., 3, (3) (1933); Lull, R. S., and Wright, N. E., Special Papers Geol. Soc. Amer., 40 (1942).
Romer, A. S., Univ. Wyoming Contrib. Geol., 7, 27 (1969).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
RUSSELL, D., TUCKER, W. Supernovae and the Extinction of the Dinosaurs. Nature 229, 553–554 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1038/229553a0
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/229553a0
- Springer Nature Limited
This article is cited by
-
Der neue Katastrophismus: Fakten und Interpretation
Naturwissenschaften (1985)
-
Land plant evidence compatible with gradual, not catastrophic, change at the end of the Cretaceous
Nature (1981)
-
Effects of intense stratospheric ionisation events
Nature (1978)
-
Biotic extinctions by solar flares
Nature (1976)