Abstract
Thirty single-spore isolates of Cercospora beticola, collected from several fields in northern Greece, representing a broad spectrum sensitivity to the sterol demethylation-inhibiting (DMIs) fungicide flutriafol, were tested for sensitivity to eleven other sterol biosynthesis-inhibiting (SBI) fungicides and to the guanidine fungicide dodine. Sensitivity was measured as EC50 values for each fungicide and log-transformed EC50 values to each fungicide were pairwise correlated and the correlation coefficient estimated. These pairwise comparisons showed high correlation coefficients between the DMIs suggesting a cross-resistance relationship between these fungicides. However, the degree of cross-resistance between DMIs varied greatly. Conversely, low correlation coefficients were obtained for the pair-wise comparisons with the morpholine fungicide fenpropimorph suggesting a lack of cross-resistance between morpholines and DMIs in C. beticola. Similarly, there was no correlation between the sensitivity (EC50 values) to dodine and all the other fungicides tested, indicating that there was no negative cross-resistance relationship between dodine and SBIs in C. beticola. Based on these results, combinations or alternations of fungicides which show no cross-resistance relationship should be used to control the disease in areas where reduced sensitivity to DMIs has been already observed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Berg D, Kraemer W, Regel E, Büchel HK, Holmwood G, Plempel M and Scheinpflug H (1984) Mode of action of fungicides: Studies on ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors. In: Proceedings of the British Crop Protection Conference-Pests and Diseases (pp 887-892)
Byford WJ (1996) A survey of foliar diseases of sugar beet and their control in Europe. In: Proceedings of the 59th IIRB Congress (pp 1-10)
de Waard MA and van Nistelrooy JGM (1983) Negatively correlated cross-resistance to dodine in fenarimol-resistant isolates of various fungi. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 89: 67-73
de Waard MA and van Nistelrooy JGM (1990) Stepwise development of laboratory resistance to DMI-fungicides in Penicillium italicum. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 96: 321-329
de Waard MA, Kipp EMC, Horn NM and van Nistelrooy JGM (1986) Variation in sensitivity to fungicides which inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis in wheat powdery mildew. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 92: 21-32
Georgopoulos SG (1977) Development of fungal resistance to fungicides. In: Siegel MR and Sisler HD (eds) Antifungal Compounds, Vol II, (pp 439-495) Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York
Girling IJ, Hollomon DW, Kendall SJ, Loeffler RST and Senior IJ (1988) Effects of fenpropidin on DMI-resistant strains of Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei and Rhyncosporium secalis. In: Proceedings of British Crop Protection Conference-Pests and Diseases (pp 385-390)
Gisi U and Hermann D (1994) Sensitivity behaviour of Septoria tritici populations on wheat to cyproconazole. In: Heaney S, Slawson D, Hollomon DW, Smith M, Russel PE and Parry DW (eds) Fungicide Resistance BCPC Monograph No 60, (pp 11-18) British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England
Hildebrand PD, Lockhart CL, Newbery RJ and Ross RG (1988) Resistance of Venturia inaequalis to bitertanol and other demethylation inhibiting fungicides. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 10: 311-316
Hsiang T, Yang L and Barton W (1997) Baseline sensitivity and cross-resistance to demethylation-inhibiting fungicides in Ontario isolates of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa. European Journal of Plant Pathology 103: 409-416
Ioannidis PM (1994) Fungicides chemicals and techniques for controlling Cercospora beticola Sacc. in Greece. In: Proceedings of Mediterranean Commitee Meeting of I.I.R.B., Thessaloniki, Greece (pp 139-151)
Karaoglanidis SG, Ioannidis PM and Thanassoulopoulos CC (2000) Reduced sensitivity of Cercospora beticola isolates to sterol demethylation inhibiting fungicides. Plant Pathology 49: 567-572
Karaoglanidis GS, Ioannidis PM and Thanassoulopoulos CC (2001) Influence of fungicide spray schedules on the sensitivity to the sterol demethylation-inhibiting fungicides in Cercospora beticola. Crop Protection 20: 941-947
Karaoglanidis SG, Ioannidis PM and Thanassoulopoulos CC (2002) Changes in sensitivity of Cercospora beticola populations to sterol-demethylation-inhibiting fungicides during a 4-year period in northern Greece. Plant Pathology 51: 55-62
Karaoglanidis SG, Karadimos, DA and Ioannidis PM (2003) Detection of resistance to sterol demethylation-inhibiting (DMIs) fungicides in Cercospora beticola and control efficacy of resistant and sensitive strains with flutriafol. Phytoparasitica, in press
Kendall SJ (1986) Cross-resistance of triadimenol resistant fungal isolates to other sterol C-14 demethylation inhibitors fungicides. In: Proceedings of 1986 British Crop Protection Conference (pp 539-546)
Kendall SJ, Hollomon DW, Cooke LR and Jones DR (1993) Changes in sensitivity to DMI fungicides in Rhyncosporium secalis. Crop Protection 12: 357-362
Köller W and Wubben JP (1989) Variable resistant factors of fungicides acting as sterol demethylation inhibitors. Pesticide Science 26: 133-145
Markoglou AN and Ziogas BN (1999) Genetic control of resistance to fenpropimorph in Ustilago maydis. Plant Pathology 48: 521-530
Nuninger-Ney C, Schwinn FJ and Staub T (1989) In vitro selection of sterol-biosynthesis inhibitor (SBI)-resistant mutants in Monilinia fructicola (Wint.) Honney. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 95: 137-150
Peever TB and Milgroom MG (1993) Genetic correlations in resistance to sterol biosynthesis inhibiting fungicides in Pyrenophora teres. Phytopathology 83: 1076-1082
Robbertse B, van der Rijst M, van Aarde, IMR, Lennox, C and Crous PW(2001) DMI sensitivity and cross-resistance patterns of Rhynchosporium secalis isolates from South Africa. Crop Protection 20: 97-102
Rossi V, Racca P and Giosue S (1995) Geophytopathological analysis of Cercospora leaf spot on sugar beet in the Mediterranean area. Phytopathologia Mediterranean 34: 69-82
Stanis VF and Jones AL (1985) Reduced sensitivity to sterolinhibiting fungicides in field isolates of Venturia inaequalis. Phytopathology 75: 1098-1101
Thind TS, Clerjeau M and Olivier JM (1986) First observations on resistance in Venturia inaequalis and Guignardia bidwellii to ergosterol-biosynthesis inhibitors in France. In: Proceedings of British Crop Protection Conference-Pests and Diseases (pp 491-498)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Karaoglanidis, G., Thanassoulopoulos, C. Cross-Resistance Patterns Among Sterol Biosynthesis Inhibiting Fungicides (SBIs) in Cercospora beticola . European Journal of Plant Pathology 109, 929–934 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EJPP.0000003672.36076.8a
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EJPP.0000003672.36076.8a