Abstract
Planetary systems come in a bewildering variety of shapes and sizes. In addition to the exoplanetary systems with giant planets, found in surveys of stellar radial velocity variations, an overlapping class of dusty disk-containing solar systems exists. The disks include large quantities of meteoroids and dust, and a varying complement of gas. Their solid material represents `replenished' dust born in the collisions/sublimation of planetesimals perturbed by planets. We present several such systems, including HR 4796A, HD 141569, HD 100546, and the prototypical replenished disk of Beta Pictoris. We discuss the composition, physical processing, and migration of dust in the disks, their evolutionary status, and the evidence of embedded planets.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Artymowicz, P.: 1994, 'Modeling and Understanding the Dust Around Beta Pictoris', see Ferlet and Vidal-Madjar, 1994, pp. 47–65.
Artymowicz, P.: 1996, 'Vega-type Systems', in H.U. Käufl and R. Siebenmorgen (eds.), The Role of Dust in the Formation of Stars, Springer, Berlin, pp. 137–148.
Artymowicz, P.: 1997, 'Beta Pictoris: An Early Solar System?', Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 25, 175–219.
Artymowicz, P., and Clampin, M.: 1997, 'Dust Around Main Sequence Stars: Nature or Nurture by the Interestellar Medium?', Astrophys. J. 490, 863–878.
Augereau, J.C., Lagrange, A.M., Mouillet, D., Monard, F.: 1999, 'HST/NICMOS2 Observations of the HD 141569 A Circumstellar Disk', Astron. Astrophys. 350, L51–L54; Augereau, J.C., Lagrange, A.M., Mouillet, D., Papaloizou, J.C.B., Grorod, P. A.: 1999, 'On the HR 4796 A Circumstellar Disk', Astron. Astrophys. 348, 557–569.
Aumann, H. H., Beichman, C. A., Gillett, F. C., de Jong, T., Houck, J. R., Low, F. J., Neugebauer, G., Walker, R.G., Wesselius, P.R.: 1984, 'Discovery of a Shell Around Alpha Lyrae', Astrophys. J. 278, L23–L27.
Backman, D. E., and Paresce, F.: 1993, 'Main-sequence Stars With Circumstellar Solid Material: The Vega Phenomenon', in E.E. Levy, J. I. Lunine, and M. S. Matthews (eds.), Protostars and Planets III, Univ. Arizona Press, Tuscon, 1993, pp. 1253–1304.
Becklin, E. E., Silverstone, M., Chary, R., Hare, J., Zuckerman, B., Spangler, C., Sargent, A.: 1998, 'Dust Around Solar Mass Stars', Astrophys. Space Sci. 255, 113–118.
Beust, H., and Morbidelli, A.: 1996, 'Mean Motion Resonances as a Source for Infalling Comets Toward β Pictoris', Icarus 120, 358–370.
Beust, H., Vidal-Madjar, A., Ferlet, R., and Lagrange-Henri, A.M.: 1994, 'Cometary-like Bodies in the Protoplanetary Disk Around β Pictoris', Astrophys. Space Sci. 212, 147–157.
Burrows, C., Krist, J. E., Stapelfeldt, K.R., and the WFPC2 Investigation Definition Team: 1995, 'HST Observations of the Beta Pictoris Circumstellar Disk', Bull. Amer. Astr. Soc. 187, #32.05 (abstract).
Charbonneau, D., Brown, T., Latham, D.W., and Mayor, M.: 2000, 'Detection of Planetary Transits Across a Sun-like Star', Astrophys. J. in press.
Dominik, C., Laureijs, R. J., Jourdain de Muizon, M., and Habing, H. J.: 1998, 'A Vega–like Disk Associated with the Planetary System of rho (1) Cnc', Astron. Astrophys. 329, L53–L56.
Ferlet, R. and Vidal-Madjar, A. (eds.): 1994, Circumstellar Dust Disks and Planet Formation, Gifsur-Yvette: Editions Frontières.
Grady, C.A., Sitko, M. L., Bjorkman, K. S., Perez, M.R., Lynch, D.K., Russell, R.W., Hanner, M. S.: 1997, 'The Star-grazing Extrasolar Comets in the HD 100546 System', Astrophys. J. 483, 449–456.
Habing, H., Dominik, C., Jourdain de Muizon, M., Kessler, M. F., Laureijs, R. J., Leech, K., Metcalfe, L., Salama, A., Siebenmorgen, R., Trams, N.: 1999, 'Disappearance of Stellar Debris Disks Around Main-sequence Stars After 400 Million Years', Nature 401, 456–458.
Heap, S.R., Linder, D. J., Lanz. T. M., Woodgate, B., Cornett, R., Hubeny, I., and Maran, S. P.: 1999, 'STIS Coronagraphic Observations of _ Pictoris', Astrophys. J., in press.
Jayawardhana, R., Fischer, S., Hartmann, L., Telesco, C., Pina, R., Fazio, G.: 1998, 'A Dust Disk Surrounding the Young A Star HR 4796A', Astrophys. J. 503, L79–L82.
Jura, M., Malkan, M., White, R., Telesco, C., Pina, R., Fisher, R. S.: 1998, 'A Protocometary Cloud Around HR 4796A?', Astrophys. J. 505, 897–902.
Kalas, P., and Jewitt, D.: 1995. 'Asymmetries in the Beta Pictoris Dust Disk', Astrophys. J. 110 794–804.
Knacke, R. F., Fajardo-Acosta, S.B, Telesco, C.M., Hackwell, J. A., Lynch, D. K., Russell, R.W.: 1993, 'The Silicates in the Disk of Beta Pictoris', Astrophys. J, 418, 440–450.
Koerner, D.W., Ressler, M. E., Werner, M.W., Backman, D.: 1998, 'Mid-Infrared Imaging of a Circumstellar Disk Around HR 4796: Mapping the Debris of Planetary Formation', Astrophys. J. 503, L83–L87.
Lagage, P.O., and Pantin, E.: 1994, 'Dust Depletion in the Inner Disk of Beta Pictoris as a Possible Indicator of Planets', Nature 369, 628–630.
Lagrange, A.M.: 1995, 'Observations of Disks Around Main Sequence Stars (β Pictoris)', Astrophys. Space Sci. 223, 19–43.
Lagrange, A.M., Backman, D., and Artymowicz, P.: 2000, 'Planetary Material Around Main Sequence Stars', in V. Mannings, A. Boss, S. Russell (eds.), Protostars and Planets IV, Univ. Arizona Press, Tuscon, 2000, in press.
Lamers, H. J., Lecavelier Des Etangs, A., and Vidal-Madjar, A.: 1997, 'Beta Pictoris Light Variations. II. Scattering by a Dust Cloud', Astron. Astrophys. 328, 321–330.
Lecavelier des Etangs, A., Deleuil, M., Vidal-Madjar, A., Ferlet, R., Nitschelm, C., Nicolet, B., Lagrange-Henri, A.M.: 1995, 'β Pictoris: Evidence of Light Variations', Astron. Astrophys. 299, 557–562.
Levison, H. F., Duncan, N. J., and Wetherill, G.W.: 1994, 'Secular Resonances and Cometary Orbits in the Beta Pictoris System', Nature 372, 441–443.
Liou, J.-C., and Zook, H.A.: 1999, 'Signatures of Giant Planets Imprinted on the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt Dust Disk', Astrophys. J. 118, 580–590.
Liseau, R., and Artymowicz, P.: 1998, 'High Sensitivity Search for Molecular Gas in the Beta Pic Disk. On the Low Gas-to-dust Mass Ratio of the Circumstellar Disk Around Beta Pictoris', Astron. Astrophys. 334, 935–942.
Lissauer, J. J., and Griffith, C.A.: 1989, 'Erosion of Circumstellar Particle Disks by Interstellar Dust', Astrophys. J. 340, 468–471.
Lubow, S.H., Seibert, M., and Artymowicz, P.: 1999. 'Disk Accretion Onto High-Mass Planets', Astrophys. J., in press.
Malfait, K., Waelkens, C., Waters, L.B., Vandenbussche, B., Huygen, E., de Graauw, M. S.: 1998, 'The Spectrum of the Young Star HD 100546 Observed With the ISO', Astron. Astrophys. 332, L25–L28.
Malfait, K., Waelkens, C., Bouwman, J., de Koter, Waters, L.B.F.M.: 1999, 'The ISO Spectrum of the Young Star HD 142527', Astron. Astrophys. 345, 181–186.
Marcy, G.W., and Butler, R. P.: 1998, 'Detection of Extrasolar Giant Planets', Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 36, 57–98.
Mayor, M., and Queloz, D.: 1995, 'A Jupiter-mass Companion to a Solar-type Star', Nature 378, 355–359.
Mouillet, D., Larwood, J., Papaloizou, J., Lagrange, A.M.: 1997, 'A Planet on an Inclined Orbit as an Explanation of theWarp in the Beta Pictoris Disk', Monthly Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 292, 896–904.
Prinn, R.G.: 1993, 'Chemistry and Evolution of Gaseous Circumstellar Disks', in E. E. Levy, J. I. Lunine, and M. S. Matthews (eds.), Protostars and Planets III, Univ. Arizona Press, Tuscon, 1993, pp. 1005–1028.
Roques, F., Scholl, H., Sicardy, B., Smith, B.A.: 1994, 'Is There a PlanetAround _ Pictoris – Perturbations of a Planet on a CircumstellarDustDisk. 1. TheNumerical Model', Icarus 108, 37–58.
Schneider, J.: 1999, 'Extrasolar Planet Encyclopaedia Site', http://www.obspm.fr/planets
Schneider, G., Smith, B.A., Becklin, E., Koerner, D., et al.: 1999, 'NICMOS Imaging of the HR 4796A Circumstellar Disk', Astrophys. J. 513, 127.
Sitko, M., Grady, C.A., Lynch, D.K., Russell, R.W., Hanner, M. S.: 1999, 'Cometary Dust in the Debris Disks of HD 31648 and HD 163926: Two “Baby” β Pic Systems', Astrophys. J. 510, 408–412.
Smith, B.A., and Terrile, R. J.: 1984, 'A Circumstellar Disk Around Beta Pictoris', Science 226, 1421–1424.
Stepinski, T., and Valageas, P.: 1997, 'Global Evolution of Solid Matter in Turbulent Protoplanetary Disks. II. Development of Icy Planetesimals', Astron. Astrophys. 319, 1007–1019.
Telesco, C.M., Fisher, R. S., Pina, R. K., Knacke, R. F., et al.: 2000, 'Deep 10 and 18 μm Imaging of the HR 4796A Circumstellar Disk: Transient Dust Particles and Tentative Evidence for a Brightness Asymmetry', Astrophys. J., in press.
Trilling, D., and Brown, R. H.: 1998, 'A Circumstellar Dust Disk Around a Star with a Known Planetary Companion', Nature 395, 775–777.
Vidal-Madjar, A.: 1994, 'β-Pic: The Gaseous Circumstellar Disk', in Ferlet and Vidal-Madjar (1994), pp. 7–18.
Vidal-Madjar, A., Lecavelier des Etangs, A., and Ferlet, R.: 1998, 'β Pic, a Young Planetary System?', Planet. Space Sci. 46, 629–648.
Ward, W.R.: 1997, 'Survival of Planetary Systems', Astrophys. J. 482, 211–215.
Weidenschilling, S.: 1977, 'Aerodynamics of Solid Bodies in the Solar Nebula', Month. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 180, 57–70.
Weinberger, A. J., Becklin, E.E., Schneider, G., Smith, B.A., Lowrance, P. J., Silverstone, M.D., Zuckerman, B., and Terrile, R. J.: 'The Circumstellar Disk of HD 141569 Imaged With NICMOS', Astrophys. J. 525, L53–L56.
Whitmire, D. P., Matese, J. J., Whitman, P.G.: 1992, 'Velocity Streaming of IRAS Main-sequence Disk Stars and the Episodic Enhancement of Particulate Disks by Interstellar Clouds', Astrophys. J. 388, 190–195.
Wolszczan, A., and Frail, D. A.: 1992, 'A Planetary System Around the Millisecond Pulsar PSR 1257+12', Nature 355, 145–147.
Wood, J., and Hashimoto, A.: 1993, 'Mineral Equilibrium in Fractionated Nebular Systems', Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 57, 2377–2388.
Wooden, D. H., Harker, D. E., Woodward, C. E., Butner, H. M., Koike, C., Witteborn, F. C., Mc-Murtry, Craig, W.: 1999, 'Silicate Mineralogy of the Dust in the Inner Coma of Comet C/1995 01 (Hale-Bopp) Pre-and Postperihelion', Astrophys. J. 517, 1034–1058.
Wyatt, M. C., Dermott, S. F., Telesco, C.M., Fisher, R. S., et al.: 2000, 'How Observations of Circumstellar Disk Asymmetries can Reveal Hidden Planets: Pericenter Glow and its Application to the HR 4796 Disk', Astrophys. J. in press.
Zuckerman, B., and Becklin, E.E.: 1993, 'Submillimeter Studies of Main-sequence Stars', Astrophys. J. 414, 793–802.
Zuckerman, B., Forveille, T., Kastner, J. H.: 1995, 'Inhibition of Giant-planet Formation by Rapid Gas Depletion Around Young Stars', Nature 373, 494–496.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Artymowicz, P. Beta Pictoris and Other Solar Systems. Space Science Reviews 92, 69–86 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005297300878
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005297300878