Abstract
A three dimensional, transient model is developed for studying heat transfer, fluid flow and mass transfer for the case of a single-pass laser surface alloying process. The numerical study is performed in a co-ordinate system fixed to the laser which moves with a constant scanning speed. The coupled momentum, energy and species conservation equations are solved using a finite volume technique. Phase change processes are modelled using a fixed-grid enthalpy-porosity technique, which is capable of predicting the continuously evolving solid-liquid interface. The three-dimensional model is able to predict the species concentration distribution inside the molten pool during alloying, as well as in the entire cross section of the solidified alloy. Corresponding experimental results show a good qualitative agreement with the numerical predictions with regard to pool shape and final composition distribution.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. L. Chan, J. Mazumdar and M. M. Chen, Materials Science and Technology 3 (1987) 306.
Idem., Metall. Trans. A 15 (1984) 2175.
Idem., J. Appl. Phy. 64 (1988) 6166.
B. Basu and J. Srinivasan, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 31 (1988) 2331.
S. Kou and Y. H. Wang. Metall. Trans. A 17 (1986) 2265.
J. C. Chen and Y. C. Huang, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 34 (1990) 663.
X. He, B. L. Mordike, N. Pirch and E. W. Kreutz, Lasers in Engineering 4 (1995) 291.
A. D. Brent, V. R. Voller and K. J. Reid, Num. Heat Transfer A 13 (1988) 297.
S. V. Patankar, in“Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow” (Hemisphere, Washington D.C., 1980).
V. R. Voller and C. Prakash, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 30 (1987) 1709.
G. Phanikumar, B. Basu, S. Chakraborty, K. Chattopadhyay, P. Dutta and J. Majumder, in Proceedings of EUROMAT'99, Vol. 11 (Wiley-VCH, Berlin, 2000).
K. K. Prasant, K. Chattopadhyay and J. Majumder, J. Mater. Sci. 34 (1999) 3437.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sarkar, S., Raj, P.M., Chakraborty, S. et al. Transport phenomena in laser surface alloying. Journal of Materials Science 38, 155–164 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021134404356
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021134404356